Wednesday, August 24, 2011

[ZESTCaste] 355 LESSON 24 08 2011 Kokanuda Sutta To Kokanuda FREE ONLINE eNālandā Research and Practice UNIVERSITY and BUDDHIST GOOD NEWS letter to VOTE for BSP ELEPHANT to attain Ultimate Bliss-Through http://sarvajan.ambedkar.org- Free Buddhist Studies for the students- The Jewel Discourse (Ratana Sutta [1])-Memoranda containing Views from FREE ONLINE eNālandā Research and Practice UNIVERSITY and BUDDHIST GOOD NEWS LETTER on the Lokpal Bill 2011

 

355  LESSON 24 08 2011 Kokanuda Sutta To Kokanuda FREE ONLINE eNālandā Research and Practice UNIVERSITY and BUDDHIST GOOD NEWS letter to VOTE for BSP ELEPHANT to attain Ultimate Bliss-Through http://sarvajan.ambedkar.org- Free Buddhist Studies for the students- The Jewel Discourse (Ratana Sutta [1])-Memoranda containing Views from FREE ONLINE eNālandā Research and Practice UNIVERSITY and BUDDHIST GOOD NEWS LETTER on the Lokpal Bill 2011
From
Jagatheesan Chandrasekharan
FREE ONLINE eNālandā Research and Practice UNIVERSITY and BUDDHIST GOOD NEWS letter
#668 5th A Main Road
8th Cross
HAL 3rd Stage
Bangalore-560075
Karnataka State
India

TO,
Respected Shri KP Singh,
Director, Rajya Sabha Secretariat,
201,Second Floor, Parliament House Annexe, New Delhi-110001
(Tel: 23034201, Fax: 23016784, E-mail:
kpsingh@sansad.nic.in and rs-cpers@sansad.nic.in )


Respected
Sir,

Sub: Memoranda containing Views from FREE ONLINE eNālandā Research and Practice UNIVERSITY and BUDDHIST GOOD NEWS LETTER on the Lokpal Bill 2011

Following Views from
FREE ONLINE eNālandā Research and Practice UNIVERSITY and BUDDHIST GOOD NEWS LETTER on the Lokpal Bill 2011 is placed before Parliamentary Standing Committee Chairman Abhishek Manu Singhvi for kind perusal and favourable action.

Willing to appear before the Committee

with kind regards

your's sincerly

J.Chandrasekharan
Memoranda containing Views from FREE ONLINE eNālandā Research and Practice UNIVERSITY and BUDDHIST GOOD NEWS LETTER on the Lokpal Bill 2011

Buddha was a master diagnostician of the human condition.
Truth isn't found in words but through insight and self-discovery.

Truth isn't taught or learned. It is wrapped inside consciousness itself.

To reach the truth, you must become it. Your consciousness must change until what is false has been left behind. Then truth will exist by itself, strong and self-sufficient.
Basically, it seeks to approach the problems of society by reforming the individuals constituting that society and by suggesting some general principles through which the society can be guided towards greater humanism, improved welfare of its members, and more equitable sharing of resources.
There is a limit to the extent to which a political system can safeguard the happiness and prosperity of its people. No political system, no matter how ideal it may appear to be, can bring about peace and happiness as long as the people in the system are dominated by greed, hatred and delusion. In addition, no matter what political system is adopted, there are certain universal factors which the members of that society will have to experience: the effects of good and bad kamma, the lack of real satisfaction or everlasting happiness in the world characterized by dukkha (unsatisfactoriness), anicca (impermanence), and anatta (egolessness). Nowhere in Samsara is there real freedom, not even in the heavens or the world of Brahama.
Although a good and just political system which guarantees basic human rights and contains checks and balances to the use of power is an important condition for a happy in society, people should not fritter away their time by endlessly searching for the ultimate political system where men can be completely free, because complete freedom cannot be found in any system but only in minds which are free. To be free, people will have to look within their own minds and work towards freeing themselves from the chains of ignorance and craving. Freedom in the truest sense is only possible when a person uses Dhamma to develop his character through good speech and action and to train his mind so as to expand his mental potential and achieve his ultimate aim of awakenment.
While recognizing the usefulness of separating religion from politics and the limitations of political systems in bringing about peace and happiness, there are several aspects of the Buddha's teaching which have close correspondence to the political arrangements of the present day. Firstly, the Buddha spoke about the equality of all human beings long before Abraham Lincoln, and that classes and castes are artificial barriers erected by society. The only classification of human beings, according to the Buddha, is based on the quality of their moral conduct. Secondly, the Buddha encouraged the spirit of social -co-operation and active participation in society. This spirit is actively promoted in the political process of modern societies. Thirdly, since no one was appointed as the Buddha's successor, the members of the Order were to be guided by the Dhamma and Vinaya, or in short, the Rule of Law. Until today very member of the Sangha is to abide by the Rule of Law which governs and guides their conduct.
Fourthly, the Buddha encouraged the spirit of consultation and the democratic process. This is shown within the community of the Order in which all members have the right to decide on matters of general concern. When a serious question arose demanding attention, the issues were put before the monks and discussed in a manner similar to the democratic parliamentary system used today. This self-governing procedure may come as a surprise to many to learn that in the assemblies of Buddhists in India 2,500 years and more ago are to be found the rudiments of the parliamentary practice of the present day. A special officer similar to 'Mr. Speaker' was appointed to preserve the dignity of the Parliamentary Chief Whip, was also appointed to see if the quorum was secured. Matters were put forward in the form of a motion which was open to discussion. In some cases it was done once, in others three times, thus anticipating the practice of Parliament in requiring that a bill be read a third time before it becomes law. If the discussion showed a difference of opinion, it was to be settled by the vote of the majority through balloting.
The Buddhist approach to political power is the moralization and the responsible use of public power. The Buddha preached non-violence and peace as a universal message. He did not approve of violence or the destruction of life, and declared that there is no such thing as a 'just' war. He taught: 'The victor breeds hatred, the defeated lives in misery. He who renounces both victory and defeat is happy and peaceful.' Not only did the Buddha teach non-violence and peace, He was perhaps the first and only religious teacher who went to the battlefield personally to prevent the outbreak of a war. He diffused tension between the Sakyas and the Koliyas who were about to wage war over the waters of Rohini. He also dissuaded King Ajatasattu from attacking the Kingdom of the Vajjis.
The Buddha discussed the importance and the prerequisites of a good government. He showed how the country could become corrupt, degenerate and unhappy when the head of the government becomes corrupt and unjust. He spoke against corruption and how a government should act based on humanitarian principles.
The Buddha once said, 'When the ruler of a country is just and good, the ministers become just and good; when the ministers are just and good, the higher officials become just and good; when the higher officials are just and good, the rank and file become just and good; when the rank and file become just and good, the people become just and good.'(Anguttara Nikaya)
In the Cakkavatti Sihananda Sutta, the Buddha said that immorality and crime, such as theft, falsehood, violence, hatred, cruelty, could arise from poverty. Kings and governments may try to suppress crime through punishment, but it is futile to eradicate crimes through force.
In the Kutadanta Sutta, the Buddha suggested economic development instead of force to reduce crime. The government should use the country's resources to improve the economic conditions of the country. It could embark on agricultural and rural development, provide financial support to entrepreneurs and business, provide adequate wages for workers to maintain a decent life with human dignity.
1)be liberal and avoid selfishness,

2) maintain a high moral character,

3) be prepared to sacrifice one's own pleasure for the well-being of the subjects,

4) be honest and maintain absolute integrity,

5) be kind and gentle,

6) lead a simple life for the subjects to emulate,

7) be free from hatred of any kind,

8) exercise non-violence,

9) practise patience, and

10) respect public opinion to promote peace and harmony
Regarding the behavior of rulers, He further advised:
- A good ruler should act impartially and should not be biased and discriminate between one particular group of subjects against another.
- A good ruler should not harbor any form of hatred against any of his subjects.
- A good ruler should show no fear whatsoever in the enforcement of the law, if it is justifiable.
- A good ruler must possess a clear understanding of the law to be enforced. It should not be enforced just because the ruler has the authority to enforce the law. It must be done in a reasonable manner and with common sense. -- (Cakkavatti Sihananda Sutta)
In the Milinda Panha,it is stated: 'If a man, who is unfit, incompetent, immoral, improper, unable and unworthy of kingship, has enthroned himself a king or a ruler with great authority, he is subject to be tortured‚ to be subject to a variety of punishment by the people, because, being unfit and unworthy, he has placed himself unrighteously in the seat of sovereignty. The ruler, like others who violate and transgress moral codes and basic rules of all social laws of mankind, is equally subject to punishment; and moreover, to be censured is the ruler who conducts himself as a robber of the public.' In a Jataka story, it is mentioned that a ruler who punishes innocent people and does not punish the culprit is not suitable to rule a country.
The king always improves himself and carefully examines his own conduct in deeds, words and thoughts, trying to discover and listen to public opinion as to whether or not he had been guilty of any faults and mistakes in ruling the kingdom. If it is found that he rules unrighteously, the public will complain that they are ruined by the wicked ruler with unjust treatment, punishment, taxation, or other oppressions including corruption of any kind, and they will react against him in one way or another. On the contrary, if he rules righteously they will bless him: 'Long live His Majesty.' (Majjhima Nikaya)
The Buddha's emphasis on the moral duty of a ruler to use public power to improve the welfare of the people had inspired Emperor Asoka in the Third Century B.C. to do likewise. Emperor Asoka, a sparkling example of this principle, resolved to live according to and preach the Dhamma and to serve his subjects and all humanity. He declared his non-aggressive intentions to his neighbors, assuring them of his goodwill and sending envoys to distant kings bearing his message of peace and non-aggression. He promoted the energetic practice of the socio-moral virtues of honesty, truthfulness, compassion, benevolence, non-violence, considerate behavior towards all, non-extravagance, non-acquisitiveness, and non-injury to animals. He encouraged religious freedom and mutual respect for each other's creed. He went on periodic tours preaching the Dhamma to the rural people. He undertook works of public utility, such as founding of hospitals for men and animals, supplying of medicine, planting of roadside trees and groves, digging of wells, and construction of watering sheds and rest houses. He expressly forbade cruelty to animals.
Sometimes the Buddha is said to be a social reformer. Among other things, He condemned the caste system, recognized the equality of people, spoke on the need to improve socio-economic conditions, recognized the importance of a more equitable distribution of wealth among the rich and the poor, raised the status of women, recommended the incorporation of humanism in government and administration, and taught that a society should not be run by greed but with consideration and compassion for the people. Despite all these, His contribution to mankind is much greater because He took off at a point which no other social reformer before or ever since had done, that is, by going to the deepest roots of human ill which are found in the human mind. It is only in the human mind that true reform can be effected. Reforms imposed by force upon the external world have a very short life because they have no roots. But those reforms which spring as a result of the transformation of man's inner consciousness remain rooted. While their branches spread outwards, they draw their nourishment from an unfailing source -- the subconscious imperatives of the life-stream itself. So reforms come about when men's minds have prepared the way for them, and they live as long as men revitalize them out of their own love of truth, justice and their fellow men.
The doctrine preached by the Buddha is not one based on 'Political Philosophy'. Nor is it a doctrine that encourages men to worldly pleasures. It sets out a way to attain Nibbana. In other words, its ultimate aim is to put an end to craving (Tanha) that keeps them in bondage to this world. A stanza from the Dhammapada best summarizes this statement: 'The path that leads to worldly gain is one, and the path that leads to Nibbana(by leading a religious life)is another.'
However, this does not mean that Buddhists cannot or should not get involved in the political process, which is a social reality. The lives of the members of a society are shaped by laws and regulations, economic arrangements allowed within a country, institutional arrangements, which are influenced by the political arrangements of that society. Nevertheless, if a Buddhist wishes to be involved in politics, he should not misuse religion to gain political powers, nor is it advisable for those who have renounced the worldly life to lead a pure, religious life to be actively involved in politics.
-ooOoo-
 
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AN 10.96
PTS: A v 196
Kokanuda Sutta: To Kokanuda
(On Viewpoints)
translated from the Pali by
Thanissaro Bhikkhu
On one occasion Ven. Ananda was staying near Rajagaha, at Tapoda monastery. Then, as night was ending, he got up & went to the Tapoda Hot Springs to bathe his limbs. Having bathed his limbs and having gotten out of the springs, he stood wearing only his lower robe, drying his limbs. Kokanuda the wanderer, as night was ending, also got up & went to the Tapoda Hot Springs to bathe his limbs. He saw Ven. Ananda from afar, and on seeing him said to him, "Who are you, my friend?"
"I am a monk, my friend."
"Which kind of monk?"
"A son-of-the-Sakyan contemplative."
"I would like to ask you about a certain point, if you would give me leave to pose a question."
"Go ahead and ask. Having heard [your question], I'll inform you."
"How is it, my friend: 'The cosmos is eternal. Only this is true; anything otherwise is worthless.' Is this the sort of view you have?"
"No, my friend, I don't have that sort of view."
"Very well, then: 'The cosmos is not eternal. Only this is true; anything otherwise is worthless.' Is this the sort of view you have?"
"No, my friend, I don't have that sort of view."
"Very well, then: 'The cosmos is finite... The cosmos is infinite... The soul & the body are the same... The soul is one thing and the body another... After death a Tathagata exists... After death a Tathagata does not exist... After death a Tathagata both does & does not exist... After death a Tathagata neither does nor does not exist. Only this is true; anything otherwise is worthless.' Is this the sort of view you have?"
"No, my friend, I don't have that sort of view."
"Then in that case, do you not know or see?"
"No, my friend. It's not the case that I don't know, I don't see. I do know. I do see."
"But on being asked, 'How is it, my friend: "The cosmos is eternal. Only this is true; anything otherwise is worthless." Is this the sort of view you have?' you inform me, 'No, my friend, I don't have that sort of view.' On being asked, 'Very well then: "The cosmos is not eternal... The cosmos is finite... The cosmos is infinite... The soul & the body are the same... The soul is one thing and the body another... After death a Tathagata exists... After death a Tathagata does not exist... After death a Tathagata both does & does not exist... After death a Tathagata neither does nor does not exist. Only this is true; anything otherwise is worthless." Is this the sort of view you have?' you inform me, 'No, my friend, I don't have that sort of view.' But on being asked, 'Then in that case, do you not know, I don't see?' you inform me, 'No, my friend. It's not the case that I don't know or see. I do know. I do see.' Now, how is the meaning of this statement to be understood?"
"'The cosmos is eternal. Only this is true; anything otherwise is worthless,' is a viewpoint. 'The cosmos is not eternal... The cosmos is finite... The cosmos is infinite... The soul & the body are the same... The soul is one thing and the body another... After death a Tathagata exists... After death a Tathagata does not exist... After death a Tathagata both does & does not exist... After death a Tathagata neither does nor does not exist. Only this is true; anything otherwise is worthless,' is a viewpoint. The extent to which there are viewpoints, view-stances, the taking up of views, obsessions of views, the cause of views, & the uprooting of views: that's what I know. That's what I see. Knowing that, I say 'I know.' Seeing that, I say 'I see.' Why should I say 'I don't know, I don't see'? I do know. I do see."
"What is your name, my friend? What do your fellows in the chaste life call you?"
"My name is Ananda, my friend, and that's what my fellows in the chaste life call me."
"What? Have I been talking with the great teacher without realizing that it was Ven. Ananda? Had I recognized that it was Ven. Ananda, I would not have cross-examined him so much. May Ven. Ananda please forgive me."
The Jewel Discourse (Ratana Sutta [1])
 
The occasion for this discourse, in brief, according to the commentary,
is as follows: The city of Vesali was afflicted by a famine, causing
death, especially to the poor folk. Due to the presence of decaying
corpses the evil spirits began to haunt the city; this was followed by a
pestilence. Plagued by these three fears of famine, non-human beings
and pestilence, the citizens sought the help of the Buddha who was
then living at Rajagaha.
Followed by a large number of monks including the Venerable
Ananda, his attendant disciple, the Buddha came to the city of Vesali.
With the arrival of the Master, there were torrential rains which swept
away the putrefying corpses. The atmosphere became purified, the
city was clean.
Thereupon the Buddha delivered this Jewel Discourse (Ratana sutta
[2]) to the Venerable Ananda, and gave him instructions as to how he
should tour the city with the Licchavi citizens reciting the discourse as
a mark of protection to the people of Vesali. The Venerable Ananda
followed the instructions, and sprinkled the sanctified water from the
Buddha's own alms bowl. As a consequence the evil spirits were
exorcised, the pestilence subsided. Thereafter the Venerable Ananda
returned with the citizens of Vesali to the Public hall where the
Buddha and his disciples had assembled awaiting his arrival. There
the Buddha recited the same Jewel Discourse to the gathering: [3]
1. "Whatever beings (non-humans) are assembled here,
terrestrial or celestial, may they all have peace of mind,
and may they listen attentively to these words:
2. "O beings, listen closely. May you all radiate lovingkindness
to those human beings who, by day and night,
bring offerings to you (offer merit to you). Wherefore,
protect them with diligence.
3. "Whatever treasure there be either here or in the world
beyond, whatever precious jewel there be in the heavenly
worlds, there is nought comparable to the Tathagata (the
perfect One). This precious jewel is the Buddha.[4] By this
(asseveration of the) truth may there be happiness.
4. "That Cessation, that Detachment, that Deathlessness
(Nibbana) supreme, the calm and collected Sakyan Sage
(the Buddha) had realized. There is nought comparable to
this (Nibbana) Dhamma. This precious jewel is the
Dhamma.[5] By this (asseveration of the) truth may there
be happiness.
5. "The Supreme Buddha extolled a path of purity (the
Noble Eightfold Path) calling it the path which unfailingly
brings concentration. There is nought comparable to this
concentration. This precious jewel is the Dhamma. By this
(asseveration of the) truth may there be happiness.
6. "The eight persons extolled by virtuous men constitute
four pairs. They are the disciples of the Buddha and are
worthy of offerings. Gifts given to them yield rich results.
This precious jewel is the Sangha.[6] By this (asseveration
of the) truth may there be happiness.
7. "With a steadfast mind, and applying themselves well in
the dispensation of the Buddha Gotama, free from
(defilements), they have attained to that which should be
attained (arahantship) encountering the Deathless. They
enjoy the Peace of Nibbana freely obtained.[7] This
precious jewel is the Sangha. By this (asseveration of the)
truth may there be happiness.
8. "As a post deep-planted in the earth stands unshaken by
the winds from the four quarters, so, too, I declare is the
righteous man who comprehends with wisdom the Noble
Truths. This precious jewel is the Sangha. By this
(asseveration of the) truth may there be happiness.
9. "Those who realized the Noble Truths well taught by
him who is profound in wisdom (the Buddha), even though
they may be exceedingly heedless, they will not take an
eighth existence (in the realm of sense spheres).[8] This
precious jewel is the Sangha. By this (asseveration of the)
truth may there be happiness.
10. "With his gaining of insight he abandons three states of
mind, namely self-illusion, doubt, and indulgence in
meaningless rites and rituals, should there be any. He is
also fully freed from the four states of woe, and therefore,
incapable of committing the six major wrongdoings.[9]
This precious jewel is the Sangha. By this (asseveration of
the) truth may there be happiness.
93
11. "Any evil action he may still do by deed, word or
thought, he is incapable of concealing it; since it has been
proclaimed that such concealing is impossible for one who
has seen the Path (of Nibbana).[10] This precious jewel is
the Sangha. By this (asseveration of the) truth may there be
happiness.
12. "As the woodland groves though in the early heat of
the summer month are crowned with blossoming flowers
even so is the sublime Dhamma leading to the (calm) of
Nibbana which is taught (by the Buddha) for the highest
good. This precious jewel is the Buddha. By this
(asseveration of the) truth may there be happiness.
13. "The Peerless Excellent one (the Buddha) the Knower
(of Nibbana), the Giver (of Nibbana), the Bringer (of the
Noble Path), taught the excellent Dhamma. This precious
jewel is the Buddha. By this (asseveration of the) truth may
there be happiness.
14. "Their past (kamma) is spent, their new (kamma) no
more arises, their mind to future becoming is unattached.
Their germ (of rebirth-consciousness) has died, they have
no more desire for re-living. Those wise men fade out (of
existence) as the flame of this lamp (which has just faded
away). This precious jewel is the Sangha. By this
(asseveration of the) truth may there be happiness.
15. "Whatever beings (non-human) are assembled here,
terrestrial or celestial, come let us salute the Buddha, the
Tathagata (the perfect One), honored by gods and men.
May there be happiness.[11]
16. "Whatever beings are assembled here terrestrial or
celestial, come let us salute the perfect Dhamma, honored
by gods and men. May there be happiness.
17. "Whatever beings are assembled here terrestrial or
celestial, come let us salute the perfect Sangha, honored by
gods and men. May there be happiness."
Notes
1. Khp. No. 6; Sn. 39
2. Ratana means precious jewel. Here the term is applied to the
Buddha, Dhamma, and Sangha.
3. KhpA. 161.
4. Literally, in the Buddha is this precious jewel.
5. Literally, in the Dhamma is this precious jewel.
6. Literally, in the Sangha is this precious jewel.
7. Obtained without payment; 'avyayena', KhpA. I., 185.
8. The reason why it is stated that there will be no eighth existence for
a person who has attained the stage of sotapatti or the first stage of
sanctity is that such a being can live at the most for only a period of
seven existences in the realm of sense spheres.
9. Abhithanani; i. matricide, ii. patricide, iii. the murder of Arahants
(the Consummate Ones), iv. the shedding of the Buddha's blood, v.
causing schism in the Sangha, and vi. pernicious false beliefs (niyata
micca ditthi).
10. He is a sotapanna, stream-enterer, one who has attained the first
stage of sanctity. Also see Notes at the end of the book.
11. The last three stanzas were recited by Sakka, the chief of Devas
(gods), KhpA. 195.
VOICE of SARVAJAN
All those who are willing to send Views on Lokpal Bill 2011 may do so:
To,
Shri KP Singh, Director, Rajya Sabha Secretariat, 201,Second Floor, Parliament House Annexe, New Delhi-110001 (Tel: 23034201, Fax: 23016784, E-mail: kpsingh@sansad.nic.in and rs-cpers@sansad.nic.in ) last date 03-09-2011
 
 
THE LOKPAL BILL, 2011
————
ARRANGEMENT OF CLAUSES
————
CHAPTER I
PRELIMINARY
CLAUSES
1. Short title, extent and commencement.
2. Definitions.
CHAPTER II
ESTABLISHMENT OF LOKPAL
3. Establishment of Lokpal.
4. Appointment of Chairperson and Members and Selection Committee.
5. Filling up of vacancies of Chairperson and Members.
6. Term of office of Chairperson and Members.
7. Salary, allowances and other conditions of service of Chairperson and
Members.
8. Removal and suspension of Chairperson and Member of Lokpal.
9. Restriction on employment by Chairperson and Members after ceasing to hold
office.
10. Member to act as Chairperson or to discharge his functions in certain circumstances.
11. Secretary, other officers and staff of Lokpal.
CHAPTER III
INVESTIGATION WING
12. Investigation Wing.
13. Investigation officer to have powers of police.
14. Investigation officer to inquire on direction of Lokpal.
CHAPTER IV
PROSECUTION WING
15. Prosecution wing and appointment of Director of Prosecution.
CHAPTER V
EXPENSES OF INSTITUTION OF LOKPAL TO BE CHARGED ON CONSOLIDATED FUND OF INDIA
16. Expenses of Lokpal to be charged on Consolidated Fund of India.
Bill No. 39 of 2011
AS INTRODUCED IN LOK SABHA
ON 4 AUGUST, 2011
(ii)
CHAPTER VI
JURISDICTION IN RESPECT OF INQUIRY
CLAUSES
17. Jurisdiction of Lokpal.
18. Matters pending before any court or committee or authority before inquiry
before Lokpal not to be affected.
19. Constitution of Benches of Lokpal.
20. Distribution of business amongst Benches.
21. Power of Chairperson to transfer cases.
22. Decision to be by majority.
CHAPTER VII
PROCEDURE IN RESPECT OF INQUIRY AND INVESTIGATION
23. Provisions relating to complaints and inquiry and investigation.
24. Inspection of documents and furnishing copies thereof to persons against whom
complaints have been made.
25. Persons likely to be prejudicially affected to be heard.
26. Lokpal may require any public servant or any other person to furnish information,
etc.
27. Previous sanction not necessary for investigation and initiating prosecution by
Lokpal in certain cases.
28. Action on inquiry in relation to public servants not being Ministers or Members
of Parliament.
29. Action on inquiry against public servant being Ministers or Members of Parliament.
CHAPTER VIII
POWERS OF LOKPAL
30. Search and seizure.
31. Lokpal to have powers of civil court in certain cases.
32. Power of Lokpal to utilise services of officers of Central or State Government.
33. Provisional attachment of assets.
34. Confirmation of attachment of assets.
35. Power of Lokpal to recommend transfer or suspension of public servant connected
with allegation of corruption.
36. Power of Lokpal to give directions to prevent destruction of records during
inquiry.
37. Power to delegate.
CHAPTER IX
SPECIAL COURTS
38. Special Courts to be notified by Central Government.
39. Letter of request to a contracting State in certain cases.
(iii)
CHAPTER X
COMPLAINTS AGAINST CHAIRPERSON, MEMBERS AND OFFICIALS OF LOKPAL
CLAUSES
40. Complaints against Chairperson and Members not to be inquired by Lokpal.
41. Complaints against officials of Lokpal.
CHAPTER XI
ASSESSMENT OF LOSS AND RECOVERY THEREOF BY SPECIAL COURT
42. Assessment of loss and recovery thereof by Special Court.
CHAPTER XII
FINANCE, ACCOUNTS AND AUDIT
43. Budget.
44. Grants by Central Government.
45. Annual statement of accounts.
46. Furnishing of returns, etc., to Central Government.
CHAPTER XIII
DECLARATION OF ASSETS
47. Declaration of assets.
48. Presumption as to acquisition of assets by corrupt means in certain cases.
CHAPTER XIV
OFFENCES AND PENALTIES
49. Prosecution for false complaint and payment of compensation, etc., to public
servant.
50. False complaint made by society or association of persons or trust.
CHAPTER XV
MISCELLANEOUS
51. Protection of action taken in good faith by any public servant.
52. Protection of action taken in good faith by others.
53. Members, officers and employees of Lokpal to be public servants.
54. Limitation to apply in certain cases.
55. Bar of Jurisdiction.
56. Legal assistance.
57. Act to have overriding effect.
58. Provision of this Act to be in addition to other laws.
59. Amendment of certain enactments.
60. Power to make rules.
61. Power of Lokpal to make regulations.
62. Laying of rules and regulations.
63. Power to remove difficulties.
THE FIRST SCHEDULE.
THE SECOND SCHEDULE.
1
THE LOKPAL BILL, 2011
A
BILL
to provide for the establishment of the institution of Lokpal to inquire into allegations of
corruption against certain public functionaries and for matters connected therewith
or incidental thereto.
WHEREAS the Constitution of India established a democratic Republic to ensure justice
for all;
AND WHEREAS the country's commitment to clean and responsive governance has to
be reflected in an effective institution to independently inquire into and prosecute acts of
corruption;
NOW, THEREFORE, it is expedient to establish a strong and effective institution to contain
corruption.
BE it enacted by Parliament in the Sixty-second Year of the Republic of India as follows:—
CHAPTER I
PRELIMINARY
1. (1) This Act may be called the Lokpal Act, 2011.
(2) It extends to the whole of India and also applies to public servants outside India.
5
(3) It shall come into force on such date as the Central Government may, by notification
in the Official Gazette, appoint; and different dates may be appointed for different provisions
of this Act and any reference in any provision to the commencement of this Act shall be
construed as a reference to the coming into force of that provision.
2. (1) In this Act, unless the context otherwise requires,—
(a) "Bench" means a Bench of the Lokpal;
(b) "Chairperson" means the Chairperson of the Lokpal;
(c) "competent authority", in relation to—
(i) a member of the Council of Ministers, means the Prime Minister;
(ii) a member of Parliament, other than a Minister, means—
(A) in the case of a member of the Council of States, the Chairman of
that Council; and
(B) in the case of a member of the House of the People, the Speaker
of that House;
(iii) an officer in the Ministry or Department of the Central Government,
means the Minister in charge of the Ministry or Department under which such
officer is serving;
(iv) a chairperson or members of any body, or Board or corporation or
authority or company or society or autonomous body (by whatever name called)
established or constituted by an Act of Parliament or wholly or partly financed
by the Central Government or controlled by it, means the Minister in charge of
the administrative Ministry of such body, or Board or corporation or authority or
company or society or autonomous body;
(v) an officer of any body or Board or corporation or authority or company
or society or autonomous body (by whatever name called) established or
constituted by an Act of Parliament or wholly or partly financed by the Central
Government or controlled by it, means the head of such body or Board or
corporation or authority or company or society or autonomous body;
(vi) any other case not falling under sub-clauses (i) to (v) above, means
the Central Government:
Provided that if any person referred to in sub-clause (iv) or sub-clause (v)
is also a Member of Parliament, then the competent authority shall be—
(A) in case such member is a Member of the Council of States, the
Chairman of that House; and
(B) in case such member is a Member of the House of the People, the
Speaker of that House;
(d) "complaint" means a complaint, made in such form as may be prescribed,
alleging that a public servant has committed an offence punishable under the Prevention
of Corruption Act, 1988;
(e) "inquiry" means an inquiry conducted under this Act by the Lokpal;
(f) "Judicial Member" means a Judicial Member of the Lokpal appointed as such;
49 of 1988.
Definitions. 5
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(g) "Lokpal" means the institution established under section 3;
(h) "Member" means a Member of the Lokpal;
(i) "Minister" means a Union Minister but does not include the Prime Minister;
(j) "notification" means notification published in the Official Gazette and the
expression "notify" shall be construed accordingly;
(k) "prescribed" means prescribed by rules made under this Act;
(l) "public servant" means a person referred to in clauses (a) to (g) of subsection
(1) of section 17;
(m) "regulations" means regulations made under this Act;
(n) "rules" means rules made under this Act;
(o) "Schedule" means a Schedule to this Act;
(p) "Special Court" means the court of a Special Judge appointed under subsection
(1) of section 3 of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988.
(2) Words and expressions used herein and not defined in this Act but defined in the
Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988, shall have the meanings respectively assigned to them
in that Act.
(3) Any reference in this Act to any other Act or provision thereof which is not in force
in any area to which this Act applies shall be construed to have a reference to the
corresponding Act or provision thereof in force in such area.
CHAPTER II
ESTABLISHMENT OF LOKPAL
3. (1) As from the commencement of this Act, there shall be established, for the
purpose of making inquiries in respect of complaints made under this Act, an institution to
be called the "Lokpal".
(2) The Lokpal shall consist of—
(a) a Chairperson, who is or has been a Chief Justice of India or a Judge of the
Supreme Court; and
(b) such number of Members, not exceeding eight out of whom fifty per cent.
shall be Judicial Members.
(3) A person shall be eligible to be appointed,—
(a) as a Judicial Member if he is or has been a Judge of the Supreme Court or a
Chief Justice of a High Court;
(b) as a Member other than a Judicial Member, if he is a person of impeccable
integrity, outstanding ability and standing having special knowledge and expertise of
not less than twenty-five years in the matters relating to anti-corruption policy, public
administration, vigilance, finance including insurance and banking, law, and
management.
(4) The Chairperson or a Member shall not be a member of Parliament or a member of
the Legislature of any State or Union territory and shall not hold any office of trust or profit
(other than the office as the Chairperson or a Member) or be connected with any political
49 of 1988.
49 of 1988.
Establishment
of Lokpal.
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party or carry on any business or practise any profession and accordingly, before he enters
upon his office, a person appointed as the Chairperson or a Member, as the case may be,
shall, if –
(a) he holds any office of trust or profit, resign from such office; or
(b) he is carrying on any business, sever his connection with the conduct and
management of such business; or
(c) he is practising any profession, cease to practise such profession.
(5) The Chairperson and every Member shall, before entering upon his office, make
and subscribe before the President an oath or affirmation in the form set out in the First
Schedule.
4. (1) The Chairperson and Members shall be appointed by the President after obtaining
the recommendations of a Selection Committee consisting of—
(a) the Prime Minister — chairperson;
(b) the Speaker of the House of the People —member;
(c) the Leader of Opposition in the House of the People—member;
(d) the Leader of Opposition in the Council of States – member;
(e) a Union Cabinet Minister to be nominated by the Prime Minister —member;
(f) one sitting Judge of the Supreme Court to be nominated by the Chief Justice
of India—member;
(g) one sitting Chief Justice of a High Court to be nominated by the Chief Justice
of India—member;
(h) one eminent Jurist to be nominated by the Central Government — member;
(i) one person of eminence in public life with wide knowledge of and experience
in anti-corruption policy, public administration, vigilance, policy making, finance
including insurance and banking, law, or management to be nominated by the Central
Government – member.
(2) No appointment of a Chairperson or a Member shall be invalid merely by reason of
any vacancy in the Selection Committee.
(3) The Selection Committee may, if it considers necessary for the purposes of selecting
the Chairperson and Members of the Lokpal and for preparing a panel of persons to be
considered for appointment as such, constitute a Search Committee consisting of such
persons of standing and having special knowledge and expertise in the matters relating to
anti-corruption policy, public administration, vigilance, policy making, finance including
insurance and banking, law, and management, or in any other matter which, in the opinion of
the Selection Committee, may be useful in making selection of the Chairperson and Members
of the Lokpal.
(4) The Selection Committee shall regulate its own procedure for selecting the
Chairperson and Members of the Lokpal which shall be transparent.
(5) The term of the Search Committee referred to in sub-section (3), the fee and
allowances payable to its members and the manner of selection of panel of names shall be
such as may be prescribed.
Appointment
of Chairperson
and Members
and Selection
Committee.
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5. The President shall take or cause to be taken all necessary steps for the appointment
of a new Chairperson and Members at least three months before the expiry of the term of
such Chairperson or Member, as the case may be, in accordance with the procedure laid
down in this Act.
6. The Chairperson and every Member shall, on the recommendations of the Selection
Committee, be appointed by the President by warrant under his hand and seal and hold office
as such for a term not exceeding five years from the date on which he enters upon his office
or until he attains the age of seventy years, whichever is earlier:
Provided that he may—
(a) by writing under his hand addressed to the President, resign his office; or
(b) be removed from his office in the manner provided in section 8.
7. The salary, allowances and other conditions of service of—
(i) the Chairperson shall be the same as those of the Chief Justice of India;
(ii) other Members shall be the same as those of a Judge of the Supreme Court:
Provided that if the Chairperson or a Member is, at the time of his appointment, in
receipt of pension (other than disability pension) in respect of any previous service under
the Government of India or under the Government of a State, his salary in respect of service
as the Chairperson or, as the case may be, as a Member, be reduced—
(a) by the amount of that pension; and
(b) if he has, before such appointment, received, in lieu of a portion of the
pension due to him in respect of such previous service, the commuted value thereof,
by the amount of that portion of the pension:
Provided further that the salary, allowances and pension payable to, and other
conditions of service of, the Chairperson or a Member shall not be varied to his disadvantage
after his appointment.
8. (1) Subject to the provisions of sub-section (3), the Chairperson or any Member
shall be removed from his office by order of the President on the grounds of misbehaviour
after the Supreme Court, on a reference being made to it —
(i) by the President, or
(ii) by the President on a petition being signed by at least one hundred Members
of Parliament, or
(iii) by the President on receipt of a petition made by a citizen of India and where
the President is satisfied that the petition should be referred,
has, on an inquiry held in accordance with the procedure prescribed in that behalf, reported
that the Chairperson or such Member, as the case may be, ought to be removed on such
ground.
(2) The President may suspend from office the Chairperson or any Member in respect
of whom a reference has been made to the Supreme Court under sub-section (1) until the
President has passed orders on receipt of the report of the Supreme Court on such reference.
(3) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1), the President may, by
order, remove from the office the Chairperson or any Member if the Chairperson or such
Filling up of
vacancies of
Chairperson
and Members.
Term of office
of Chairperson
and Members.
Salary,
allowances
and other
conditions of
service of
Chairperson
and Members.
Removal and
suspension of
Chairperson
and Member
of Lokpal.
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Member, as the case may be,—
(a) is adjudged an insolvent; or
(b) engages, during his term of office, in any paid employment outside the duties
of his office; or
(c) is, in the opinion of the President, unfit to continue in office by reason of
infirmity of mind or body.
(4) If the Chairperson or any Member is, or becomes, in any way concerned or interested
in any contract or agreement made by or on behalf of the Government of India or the
Government of a State or participates in any way in the profit thereof or in any benefit or
emolument arising therefrom otherwise than as a member and in common with the other
members of an incorporated company, he shall, for the purposes of sub-section (1), be
deemed to be guilty of misbehaviour.
9. (1) On ceasing to hold office, the Chairperson and every Member shall be ineligible
for—
(i) reappointment as the Chairperson or a Member of the Lokpal;
(ii) any diplomatic assignment, appointment as administrator of a Union territory
and such other assignment or appointment which is required by law to be made by the
President by warrant under his hand and seal;
(iii) further employment to any other office of profit under the Government of
India or the Government of a State;
(iv) contesting any election of President or Vice President or Member of either
House of Parliament or Member of either House of a State Legislature or Municipality
or Panchayat within a period of five years from the date of cessation of holding the
office of the Chairperson or Member.
(2) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1), a Member shall be eligible
to be appointed as a Chairperson, if his total tenure as Member and Chairperson does not
exceed five years.
10. (1) In the event of occurrence of any vacancy in the office of the Chairperson by
reason of his death, resignation or otherwise, the President may, by notification, authorise
the senior-most Member to act as the Chairperson until the appointment of a new Chairperson
to fill such vacancy.
(2) When the Chairperson is unable to discharge his functions owing to absence on
leave or otherwise, the senior-most Member available, as the President may, by notification,
authorise in this behalf, shall discharge the functions of the Chairperson until the date on
which the Chairperson resumes his duties.
11. (1) The appointment of secretary and other officers and staff of the Lokpal shall be
made by the Chairperson or such Member or officer of Lokpal as the Chairperson may
direct:
Provided that the President may by rule require that the appointment in respect of any
post or posts as may be specified in the rule, shall be made after consultation with the Union
Public Service Commission.
(2) Subject to the provisions of any law made by Parliament, the conditions of service
of secretary and other officers and staff of the Lokpal shall be such as may be specified by
regulations made by the Lokpal for the purpose:
Provided that the regulations made under this sub-section shall, so far as they relate
to salaries, allowances, leave or pensions, require the approval of the President.
Restriction
on
employment
by
Chairperson
and Members
after ceasing
to hold
office.
Member to act
as Chairperson
or to discharge
his functions
in certain
circumstances.
Secretary,
other officers
and staff of
Lokpal.
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CHAPTER III
INVESTIGATION WING
12. (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in any law for the time being in force, the
Lokpal shall constitute an Investigation Wing for the purpose of conducting investigation
of any offence alleged to have been committed by a public servant punishable under the
Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988:
Provided that till such time the Investigation Wing is constituted by the Lokpal, the
Central Government shall make available such number of investigation officers and other
staff from such of its Ministries or Departments, as may be required by the Lokpal, for
carrying out investigation under this Act.
(2) The Central Government may, after obtaining consent of the concerned State
Government, by notification, extend the powers and jurisdiction of officers of the Investigation
Wing of the Lokpal in that State and the provisions of sub-sections (2) and (3) of section 5
of the Delhi Special Police Establishment Act, 1946, shall apply as if the members of the
Investigation Wing were members of the police force of that State.
13. (1) No investigation shall be made by an investigation officer of the Investigation
Wing below the rank of a Deputy Superintendent of Police or by any other officer of equivalent
rank.
(2) The investigation officers of the Investigation Wing shall have, in relation to the
investigation of such offences referred to in sub-section (1) of section 12, all the powers, duties,
privileges and liabilities which police officers have in connection with the investigation of
such offences under the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988.
14. (1) The Lokpal may, before holding any inquiry under this Act, by an order, require
the investigation officer of its Investigation Wing to make, or cause to be made, a preliminary
investigation in such manner as it may direct and submit a report to the Lokpal, within such
time as may be specified by the Lokpal, to enable it to satisfy itself as to whether or not the
matter requires to be inquired into by the Lokpal.
(2) The investigation officer on receipt of an order under sub-section (1) shall complete
the investigation and submit his report within the time specified under that sub-section.
CHAPTER IV
PROSECUTION WING
15. (1) The Lokpal may, by notification, constitute a prosecution wing and appoint a
Director of prosecution and such other officers and employees to assist the Director of
Prosecution for the purpose of prosecution of public servants in relation to any complaint
by the Lokpal under this Act.
(2) The Director of prosecution shall, after having been so directed by the Lokpal, file
a complaint before the Special Court, and take all necessary steps in respect of the prosecution
of public servants in relation to any offence punishable under the Prevention of Corruption
Act, 1988.
CHAPTER V
EXPENSES OF INSTITUTION OF LOKPAL TO BE CHARGED ON CONSOLIDATED FUND OF INDIA
16. The expenses of the Lokpal, including all salaries, allowances and pensions
payable to or in respect of the Chairperson, Members or secretary or other officers or staff
of the Lokpal, shall be charged on the Consolidated Fund of India and any fees or other
moneys taken by the Lokpal shall form part of that Fund.
Investigation
Wing.
25 of 1946.
Investigation
officer to have
powers of
police.
Investigation
officer to
inquire on
direction of
Lokpal.
Prosecution
wing and
appointment
of Director
of Prosecution.
Expenses of
Lokpal to be
charged on
Consolidated
Fund of India.
49 of 1988.
49 of 1988.
49 of 1988.
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CHAPTER VI
JURISDICTION IN RESPECT OF INQUIRY
17. (1) Subject to the other provisions of this Act, the Lokpal shall inquire into any
matter involved in, or arising from, or connected with, any allegation of corruption made in a
complaint in respect of the following, namely:—
(a) a Prime Minister, after he has demitted the office of the Prime Minister;
(b) any other person who is or has been a Minister of the Union;
(c) any person who is or has been a Member of either House of Parliament;
(d) any Group "A" officer or equivalent or above, from amongst the public
servants defined in sub-clauses (i) and (ii) of clause (c) of section 2 of the Prevention
of Corruptions Act, 1988 when serving or who has served, in connection with the
affairs of the Union;
(e) any person who is or has been a chairperson or member or officer equivalent
to Group "A" officer referred to in clause (d) or equivalent or above in any body or
Board or corporation or authority or company or society or trust or autonomous body
(by whatever name called) established by an Act of Parliament or wholly or partly
financed by the Central Government or controlled by it:
Provided that in respect of such officers referred to in clause (d) who have
served in connection with the affairs of the Union or in any body or Board or corporation
or authority or company or society or trust or autonomous body referred to in this
clause but are working in connection with the affairs of the State or in any body or
Board or corporation or authority or company or society or trust or autonomous body
(by whatever name called) established by an Act of the State Legislature or wholly or
partly financed by the State Government or controlled by it, the Lokpal and the officers
of its Investigation Wing or prosecution Wing shall have jurisdiction under this Act in
respect of such officers only after obtaining the consent of the concerned State
Government;
(f) any person who is or has been a director, manager, secretary or other officer
of every other society or association of persons or trust (whether registered under
any law for the time being in force or not) wholly or partly financed or aided by the
Government and the annual income of which exceeds such amount as the Central
Government may by notification specify;
(g) any person who is or has been a director, manager, secretary or other officer
of every other society or association of persons or trust (whether registered under
any law for the time being in force or not) in receipt of any donation from the public and
the annual income of which exceeds such amount as the Central Government may by
notification specify:
Provided that nothing in this section shall apply in relation to the Prime Minister,
in whatever capacity he may be holding an office as a public functionary:
Provided further that any person referred to in this clause shall be deemed to be
a public servant under clause (c) of section 2 of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988
and the provisions of that Act shall apply accordingly:
Provided also that nothing in clauses (e) and (f) and this clause shall apply to
any society or association of persons or trust constituted for religious purposes.
(2) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1), the Lokpal shall not inquire
into any matter involved in, or arising from, or connected with, any such allegation of
corruption against any Member of either House of Parliament in respect of anything said or
a vote given by him in Parliament or any committee thereof covered under the provisions
contained in clause (2) of article 105 of the Constitution.
Jurisdiction of
Lokpal.
49 of 1988.
49 of 1988.
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(3) The Lokpal may inquire into any act or conduct of any person other than those
referred to in sub-section (1), if such person is associated with the allegation of corruption
under the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988:
Provided that, no action under this section shall be taken in case of a person serving
in connection with the affairs of a State, without the consent of the State Government.
(4) No matter in respect of which a complaint has been made to the Lokpal under this
Act, shall be referred for inquiry under the Commissions of Inquiry Act, 1952.
Explanation.—For the removal of doubts, it is hereby declared that a complaint under
this Act shall only relate to a period during which the public servant was holding or serving
in that capacity.
18. In case any matter or proceeding related to allegation of corruption under the
Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 has been pending before any court or committee of either
House of Parliament or before any other authority prior to commencement of this Act or prior
to commencement of any inquiry after the commencement of this Act, such matter or
proceeding shall be continued before such court, committee or authority.
Explanation.—For the removal of doubts, it is herby declared that continuance of
such matter or proceeding before any court or committee of either House of Parliament or
before any other authority, except for such matters as are protected under clause (2) of article
105 of the Constitution or are pending before a court, shall not affect the power of the Lokpal
to inquire into such matter under this Act.
19. (1) Subject to the provisions of this Act, —
(a) the jurisdiction of the Lokpal may be exercised by Benches thereof;
(b) a Bench may be constituted by the Chairperson with two or more Members
as the Chairperson may deem fit;
(c) every Bench shall ordinarily consist of at least one Judicial Member;
(d) where a Bench consists of the Chairperson, such Bench shall be presided
over by the Chairperson;
(e) where a Bench consists of a Judicial Member, and a non-Judicial Member, not
being the Chairperson, such bench shall be presided over by the Judicial Member;
(f) the Benches of the Lokpal shall ordinarily sit at New Delhi and at such other
places as the Lokpal may, by regulations, specify.
(2) The Lokpal shall notify the areas in relation to which each Bench of the Lokpal may
exercise jurisdiction.
(3) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (2), the Chairperson shall
have the power to constitute or reconstitute Benches from time to time.
(4) If at any stage of the hearing of any case or matter it appears to the Chairperson or
a Member that the case or matter is of such nature that it ought to be heard by a Bench
consisting of three or more Members, the case or matter may be transferred by the Chairperson
or, as the case may be, referred to him for transfer, to such Bench as the Chairperson may
deem fit.
20. Where Benches are constituted, the Chairperson may, from time to time, by
notification, make provisions as to the distribution of the business of the Lokpal amongst
the Benches and also provide for the matters which may be dealt with by each Bench.
Matters
pending
before any
court or
committee or
authority for
inquiry before
Lokpal not to
be affected.
Constitution
of Benches
of Lokpal.
Distribution
of business
amongst
Benches.
49 of 1988.
60 of 1952.
49 of 1988.
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21. On an application for transfer made by the complainant or the public servant, the
Chairperson, after giving an opportunity of being heard to the complainant or the public
servant, as the case may be, may transfer any case pending before one Bench for disposal to
any other Bench.
22. If the Members of a Bench consisting of two Members differ in opinion on any
point, they shall state the point or points on which they differ, and make a reference to the
Chairperson who shall either hear the point or points himself or refer the case for hearing on
such point or points by one or more of the other Members of the Lokpal and such point or
points shall be decided according to the opinion of the majority of the Members of the
Lokpal who have heard the case, including those who first heard it.
CHAPTER VII
PROCEDURE IN RESPECT OF INQUIRY AND INVESTIGATION
23. (1) The Lokpal, on receipt of a complaint, may either make a preliminary inquiry or
direct its Investigation Wing, to make a preliminary investigation to ascertain whether there
exists a prima facie case for proceeding in the matter.
(2) Every preliminary inquiry or preliminary investigation referred to in sub-section (1)
shall ordinarily be completed within a period of thirty days and for reasons to be recorded in
writing, within a further period of three months from the date of receipt of the complaint.
(3) Upon completion of the preliminary investigation, the investigating authority shall
submit its report to the Lokpal.
(4) Before the Lokpal comes to the conclusion in the course of a preliminary inquiry
and after submission of a report referred to in sub-section (3) that a prima facie case is made
out against the public servant pursuant to such a preliminary inquiry, the Lokpal shall afford
the public servant an opportunity of being heard.
(5) Where the Lokpal, after receiving the report of the investigating authority pursuant
to a preliminary investigation or conclusion of the preliminary inquiries as referred to in subsection
(1) is satisfied that no prima facie case is made out for proceeding further in the
matter, the complaint shall be closed and the decision thereon be communicated to the
complainant and the public servant.
(6) Where the Lokpal is of the opinion that prima facie case is made out and refers the
matter for investigation, upon completion of such investigation and before filing the charge
sheet, the public servant against whom such investigation is being conducted shall be given
an opportunity of being heard.
(7) Every inquiry conducted by the Lokpal, upon being satisfied that a prima facie
case is made out, shall be open to the public provided that in exceptional circumstances and
for reasons to be recorded in writing by the Lokpal, such inquiry may be conducted in
camera.
(8) In case the Lokpal proceeds to inquire into the complaint under sub-section (7) it
shall hold such inquiry as expeditiously as possible and complete the inquiry within a period
of six months from the date of receipt of the complaint which, for reasons to be recorded in
writing, may be extended by a further period of six months.
(9) The public servant against whom an inquiry is being conducted under sub-section
(8) shall be given an opportunity of being heard.
(10) Where in a case the Lokpal is of the opinion and for reason to be recorded in
writing that it is not in the interest of justice to either hold a preliminary inquiry or preliminary
investigation, it may refer the matter for investigation.
(11) Upon completion of such investigation but before filing a charge sheet, the
investigating authority shall place the records in its possession along with its prima facie
conclusion before the Lokpal who shall before directing that a charge sheet be filed afford
the public servant concerned an opportunity of being heard.
Power of
Chairperson
to transfer
cases.
Decision to
be by
majority.
Provisions
relating to
complaints
and inquiry
and investigation.
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(12) If the Lokpal proposes to inquire into a complaint, it may, at any stage,—
(a) pass appropriate orders for safe custody of the documents relevant to the
inquiry as it deems fit; and
(b) forward a copy of the complaint to the public servant concerned along with
all relevant material relied upon and afford him an opportunity to represent his case.
(13) The website of the Lokpal shall, from time to time and in such manner as may be
specified by regulations, display to the public, the status of number of complaints pending
before it or disposed of by it.
(14) The Lokpal may withhold the records and evidence which are likely to impede the
process of inquiry or conduct of a case by it or by the Special Court.
(15) Save as otherwise provided, the manner and procedure of conducting an inquiry
or investigation under this Act, shall be such as may be specified by regulations.
24. In cases where, an investigation or inquiry into a complaint is proposed to be
initiated by the Lokpal, every person against whom such inquiry or investigation is proposed
to be conducted, shall be entitled to inspect any record in connection with the commission
of any alleged offence and take an extract therefrom, as is considered necessary to defend
his case.
25. If, at any stage of the proceeding, the Lokpal—
(a) considers it necessary to inquire into the conduct of any person other than
the prospective accused; or
(b) is of opinion that the reputation of any person other than an accused is likely
to be prejudicially affected by the inquiry,
the Lokpal shall give to that person a reasonable opportunity of being heard in the inquiry
and to produce evidence in his defence, consistent with the principles of natural justice:
Provided that nothing in this section shall apply where the credibility of a witness is
being questioned.
26. Subject to the provisions of this Act, for the purpose of any inquiry or investigation,
the Lokpal or the investigating authority, as the case may be, may require any public servant
or any other person who, in its opinion, is able to furnish information or produce documents
relevant to such inquiry or investigation, to furnish any such information or produce any
such document.
27. (1) No sanction or approval shall be required by the Lokpal or its Investigation
Wing under section 197 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 or section 19 of the Prevention
of Corruption Act, 1988 for the purpose of making inquiry by the Lokpal or investigation by
its Investigation Wing into any complaint against any public servant or for filing of any
complaint in respect thereof before the Special Court under this Act.
(2) A Special Court may, notwithstanding anything contained in section 197 of the
Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 or section 19 of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988, on
a complaint filed by the Lokpal or any officer authorised by it in this behalf, take cognizance
of offence committed by any public servant.
(3) Nothing contained in sub-sections (1) and (2) shall apply in respect of the persons
holding the office in pursuance of the provisions of the Constitution and in respect of which
a procedure for removal of such person has been specified therein.
Inspection of
document and
furnishing
copies
thereof to
persons
against whom
complaints
have been
made.
Persons likely
to be
prejudicially
affected to be
heard.
Lokpal may
require any
public servant
or any other
person to
furnish
information,
etc.
Previous
sanction not
necessary for
investigation
and initiating
prosecution
by Lokpal in
certain cases.
2 of 1974.
49 of 1988.
2 of 1974.
49 of 1988.
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
12
(4) The provisions contained in sub-sections (1), (2) and (3) shall be without prejudice
to the generality of the provisions contained in article 311 and sub-clause (c) of clause (3) of
article 320 of the Constitution.
28. (1) Where, after the conclusion of the inquiry or investigation, the findings of the
Lokpal disclose the commission of an offence under the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988
by a public servant referred to in clause (c) or clause (d) of sub-section (1) of section 17, the
Lokpal may—
(a) file a case in the Special Court and send a copy of the report together with its
findings to the competent authority;
(b) recommend to the competent authority the initiation of disciplinary
proceedings under the rules of disciplinary proceedings applicable to such public
servant;
(c) provide a copy of the report to the public servant or his representative.
(2) The competent authority shall, within a period of thirty days of the receipt of
recommendation under clause (b) of sub-section (1), initiate disciplinary proceedings against
the delinquent public servant accused of committing offence under the Prevention of
Corruption Act, 1988 and forward its comments on the report, including the action taken or
proposed to be taken thereon, to the Lokpal ordinarily within six months of initiation of such
disciplinary proceedings.
29. (1) Where, after the conclusion of the inquiry or investigation, the findings of the
Lokpal disclose the commission of an offence under the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988
by a public servant referred to in clause (a) or clause (b) of sub-section (1) of section 17, the
Lokpal may file a case in the Special Court and shall send a copy of the report together with
its findings to the competent authority.
(2) The Prime Minister, in the case of the Minister, the Speaker in the case of a Member
of the House of the People, and the Chairman of the Council of States, in the case of a
Member of that Council shall, as soon as may be, after the receipt of report under sub-section
(1), cause the same to be laid before the House of the People or the Council of States, as the
case may be, while it is in session, and if the House of the People or the Council of States, as
the case may be, is not in session, within a period of one week from the reassembly of the said
House or the Council, as the case may be.
(3) The competent authority shall examine the report forwarded to it under sub-section
(1) and communicate to the Lokpal, within a period of ninety days from the date of receipt of
the report, the action taken or proposed to be taken on the basis of the report.
Explanation.— In computing the period of ninety days referred to in this sub-section,
any period during which Parliament or, as the case may be, either House of Parliament, is not
in session, shall be excluded.
CHAPTER VIII
POWERS OF LOKPAL
30. (1) If the Lokpal has reason to believe that any document which, in its opinion,
shall be useful for, or relevant to, any investigation or inquiry under this Act, are secreted in
any place, it may authorise any officer of the Investigation Wing, to search for and to seize
such documents.
(2) If the Lokpal is satisfied that any document seized under sub-section (1) would be
evidence for the purpose of any investigation or inquiry under this Act and that it would be
necessary to retain the document in its custody or in the custody of such officer as may be
authorised, it may so retain or direct such officer authorised to retain such document till the
completion of such investigation or inquiry:
Action on
inquiry in
relation to
public
servants not
being
Ministers or
Members of
Parliament.
49 of 1988.
49 of 1988.
Action on
inquiry
against public
servant being
Ministers or
Members of
Parliament.
49 of 1988.
Search and
seizure.
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
13
Provided that where any document is required to be returned, the Lokpal or the
authorised officer may return the same after retaining copies of such document duly
authenticated.
(3) The provisions of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 relating to searches shall,
so far as may be, apply to searches under this section subject to the modification that subsection
(5) of section 165 of the said Code shall have effect as if for the word "Magistrate",
wherever it occurs therein, the words "Lokpal or any officer authorised by it" were substituted.
31. (1) Subject to the provisions of this section, for the purpose of any inquiry, the
Lokpal shall have all the powers of a civil court, under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908,
while trying a suit in respect of the following matters, namely:—
(i) summoning and enforcing the attendance of any person and examining him
on oath;
(ii) requiring the discovery and production of any document;
(iii) receiving evidence on affidavits;
(iv) requisitioning any public record or copy thereof from any court or office;
(v) issuing commissions for the examination of witnesses or documents:
Provided that such commission, in case of a witness, shall be issued only where
the witness, in the opinion of the Lokpal, is not in a position to attend the proceeding
before the Lokpal; and
(vi) such other matters as may be prescribed.
(2) Any proceeding before the Lokpal shall be deemed to be a judicial proceeding
within the meaning of section 193 of the Indian Penal Code.
32. (1) The Lokpal may, for the purpose of conducting any inquiry, utilise the services
of any officer or investigation agency of the Central Government or any State Government,
as the case may be.
(2) For the purpose of investigating into any matter pertaining to the inquiry, any
officer or agency whose services are utilised under sub-section (2) may, subject to the
direction and control of the Lokpal,—
(a) summon and enforce the attendance of any person and examine him;
(b) require the discovery and production of any document; and
(c) requisition any public record or copy thereof from any office.
(3) The officer or agency whose services are utilised under sub-section (2) shall
investigate into any matter pertaining to the inquiry and submit a report thereon to the
Lokpal within such period as may be specified by the Lokpal in this behalf.
33. (1) Where the Lokpal or any investigation officer authorised by it in this behalf,
has reason to believe, the reason for such belief to be recorded in writing, on the basis of
material in its or his possession, that—
(a) any person is in possession of any proceeds of corruption;
(b) such person is accused of having committed an offence relating to corruption;
and
(c) such proceeds of offence are likely to be concealed, transferred or dealt with
in any manner which may result in frustrating any proceedings relating to confiscation
of such proceeds of offence,
the Lokpal or such investigation officer may, by order in writing, provisionally attach such
property for a period not exceeding ninety days from the date of the order, in the manner
provided in the Second Schedule to the Income-tax Act, 1961 and the Lokpal or such
investigation officer, as the case may be, shall be deemed to be an officer under sub-rule (e)
of rule 1 of that Schedule.
2 of 1974.
Lokpal to
have powers
of civil court
in certain
cases.
5 of 1908.
Power of
Lokpal to
utilise services
of officers of
Central or
State
Government.
45 of 1860.
Provisional
attachment
of assets.
43 of 1961.
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
14
(2) The Lokpal shall, immediately after attachment under sub-section (1), forward a
copy of the order, along with the material in his possession, referred to in that sub-section, to
the Special Court, in a sealed envelope, in the manner as may be prescribed and such Court
may extend the order of attachment and keep such material for such period as the Court may
deem fit.
(3) Every order of attachment made under sub-section (1) shall cease to have effect
after the expiry of the period specified in that sub-section or after the expiry of the period as
directed by the Special Court under sub-section (2).
(4) Nothing in this section shall prevent the person interested in the enjoyment of the
immovable property attached under sub-section (1) or sub-section (2), from such enjoyment.
Explanation.— For the purposes of this sub-section, "person interested", in relation
to any immovable property, includes all persons claiming or entitled to claim any interest in
the property.
34. (1) The Lokpal, when it provisionally attaches any property under sub-section (1)
of section 33 shall, within a period of thirty days of such attachment, direct its prosecution
wing to file an application stating the facts of such attachment before the Special Court and
make a prayer for confirmation of attachment of the property till completion of the proceedings
against the public servant in the Special Court.
(2) The Special Court may, if it is of the opinion that the property provisionally attached
had been acquired through corrupt means, make an order for confirmation of attachment of
such property till the completion of the proceedings against the public servant in the Special
Court.
(3) If the public servant is subsequently acquitted of the charges framed against him,
the property, subject to the orders of the Special Court, shall be restored to the concerned
public servant along with benefits from such property as might have accrued during the
period of attachment.
(4) If the public servant is subsequently convicted of the charges of corruption, the
proceeds relatable to the offence under the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 shall be
confiscated and vest in the Central Government free from any encumbrance or leasehold
interest excluding any debt due to any bank or financial institution.
Explanation.— For the purposes of this sub-section, the expressions "bank", "debt"
and "financial institution" shall have the meanings respectively assigned to them in clauses
(d), (g) and (h) of section 2 of the Recovery of Debts Due to Banks and Financial Institutions
Act, 1993.
35. (1) Where the Lokpal, while making an inquiry into allegations of corruption, is
prima facie satisfied, on the basis of evidence available, that—
(a) the continuance of the public servant referred to in clause (c) or clause (d) of
sub-section (1) of section 17 in his post while conducting the inquiry is likely to affect
such inquiry adversely; or
(b) the public servant referred to in clause (a) is likely to destroy or in any way
tamper with the evidence or influence witnesses,
then, the Lokpal may recommend to the Central Government for transfer or suspension of
such public servant from the post held by him till such period as may be specified in the
order.
49 of 1988.
Confirmation
of attachment
of assets.
51 of 1993.
Power of
Lokpal to
recommend
transfer or
suspension of
public servant
connected
with
allegation of
corruption.
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
15
(2) The Central Government shall ordinarily accept the recommendation of the Lokpal
made under sub-section (1), except for the reasons to be recorded in writing in a case where
it is not feasible for administrative reasons.
36. The Lokpal may, in discharge of its functions under this Act, issue appropriate
directions to a public servant entrusted with the preparation or custody of any document or
record—
(a) to protect such document or record from destruction or damage; or
(b) to prevent the public servant from altering or secreting such document or
record; or
(c) to prevent the public servant from transferring or alienating any assets
allegedly acquired by him through corrupt means.
37. The Lokpal may, by general or special order in writing, and subject to such conditions
and limitations as may be specified therein, direct that any administrative or financial power
conferred on it may also be exercised or discharged by such of its Members or officers or
employees as may be specified in the order.
CHAPTER IX
SPECIAL COURTS
38. (1) The Central Government shall constitute such number of Special Courts, as
recommended by the Lokpal, to hear and decide the cases arising out of the Prevention of
Corruption Act, 1988 or under this Act.
(2) The Special Courts constituted under sub-section (1) shall ensure completion of
each trial within a period of one year from the date of filing of the case in the Court:
Provided that in case the trial cannot be completed within a period of one year, the
Special Court shall record reasons therefor and complete the trial within a further period of
not more than three months or such further periods not exceeding three months each, for
reasons to be recorded in writing, before the end of each such three months period, but not
exceeding a total period of two years.
39. (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act or the Code of Criminal
Procedure, 1973 if, in the course of an inquiry or investigation into an offence or other
proceeding under this Act, an application is made to a Special Court by the Investigation
Officer of the Lokpal that any evidence is required in connection with the inquiry or
investigation into an offence or proceeding under this Act and he is of the opinion that such
evidence may be available in any place in a contracting State, and the Special Court, on being
satisfied that such evidence is required in connection with the inquiry or investigation into
an offence or proceeding under this Act, may issue a letter of request to a court or an
authority in the contracting State competent to deal with such request to—
(i) examine the facts and circumstances of the case;
(ii) take such steps as the Special Court may specify in such letter of request; and
(iii) forward all the evidence so taken or collected to the Special Court issuing
such letter of request.
(2) The letter of request shall be transmitted in such manner as the Central Government
may prescribe in this behalf.
Power of
Lokpal to
give
directions to
prevent
destruction of
records during
inquiry.
Power to
delegate.
Special
Courts to be
notified by
Central
Government.
Letter of
request to a
contracting
State in
certain cases.
2 of 1974.
49 of 1988.
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
16
(3) Every statement recorded or document or thing received under sub-section (1)
shall be deemed to be evidence collected during the course of the inquiry or investigation.
CHAPTER X
COMPLAINTS AGAINST CHAIRPERSON, MEMBERS AND OFFICIALS OF LOKPAL
40. (1) The Lokpal shall not inquire into any complaint made against the Chairperson
or any Member.
(2) Any complaint against the Chairperson or Member shall be made by an application
by the party aggrieved, to the President.
(3) The President shall, in case there exists a prima facie case for bias or corruption,
make a reference to the Chief Justice of India in such manner as may be prescribed for
inquiring into the complaint against the Chairperson or Member.
(4) The President shall decide the action against the Chairperson or Member on the
basis of the opinion of the Chief Justice of India and in case the President is satisfied, on the
basis of the said opinion that the Chairperson or the Member is biased or has indulged in
corruption, the President shall, notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1) of
section 8, remove such Chairperson or Member and also order for initiation of prosecution in
case of allegation of corruption.
41. (1) Every complaint of allegation or wrongdoing made against any officer or employee
or investigation agency under or associated with the Lokpal for offence punishable under
the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 shall be dealt with in accordance with the provisions
of this section.
(2) The Lokpal shall complete the inquiry into the complaint or allegation made, within
a period of thirty days from the date of its receipt.
(3) While making an inquiry into the complaint against any officer or employee of the
Lokpal or agency engaged or associated with the Lokpal, if the Lokpal is prima facie satisfied
on the basis of evidence available, that—
(a) continuance of such officer or employee of the Lokpal in his post or agency
engaged or associated while conducting the inquiry is likely to affect such inquiry
adversely; or
(b) an officer or employee of the Lokpal or agency engaged or associated is
likely to destroy or in any way tamper with the evidence or influence witnesses,
then, the Lokpal may, by order, suspend such officer or employee of the Lokpal or divest
such agency engaged or associated with the Lokpal of all powers and responsibilities hereto
before exercised by it .
(4) On the completion of the inquiry, if the Lokpal is satisfied that there is prima facie
evidence of the commission of an offence under the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 or of
any wrongdoing, it shall, within a period of fifteen days of the completion of such inquiry,
order to prosecute such officer or employee of the Lokpal or such officer or employee of
agency engaged or associated with the Lokpal and initiate disciplinary proceedings against
the official concerned:
Provided that no such order shall be passed without giving such officer or employee
of the Lokpal or officer or employee of agency engaged or associated, a reasonable
opportunity of being heard.
Complaints
against
Chairperson
and Members
not to be
inquired by
Lokpal.
Complaints
against
officials of
Lokpal.
49 of 1988.
49 of 1988.
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
17
CHAPTER XI
ASSESSMENT OF LOSS AND RECOVERY THEREOF BY SPECIAL COURT
42. If any public servant is convicted of an offence under the Prevention of Corruption
Act, 1988 by the Special Court, notwithstanding and without prejudice to any law for the time
being in force, it may make an assessment of loss, if any, caused to the public exchequer on
account of the actions or decisions of such public servant not taken in good faith and for
which he stands convicted, and may order recovery of such loss, if possible or quantifiable,
from such public servant so convicted:
Provided that if the Special Court, for reasons to be recorded in writing, comes to the
conclusion that the loss caused was pursuant to a conspiracy with the beneficiary or beneficiaries
of actions or decisions of the public servant so convicted, then such loss may, if
assessed and quantifiable under this section, also be recovered from such beneficiary or
beneficiaries proportionately.
CHAPTER XII
FINANCE, ACCOUNTS AND AUDIT
43. The Lokpal shall prepare, in such form and at such time in each financial year as
may be prescribed, its budget for the next financial year, showing the estimated receipts and
expenditure of the Lokpal and forward the same to the Central Government for information.
44. Without prejudice to the provisions of section 16, the Central Government may,
after due appropriation made by Parliament by law in this behalf, make to the Lokpal grants
of such sums of money as are required to be paid for the salaries and allowances payable to
the Chairperson and Members and the administrative expenses, including the salaries and
allowances and pension payable to or in respect of officers and other employees of the
Lokpal.
45. (1) The Lokpal shall maintain proper accounts and other relevant records and
prepare an annual statement of accounts in such form as may be prescribed by the Central
Government in consultation with the Comptroller and Auditor-General of India.
(2) The accounts of the Lokpal shall be audited by the Comptroller and Auditor-
General of India at such intervals as may be specified by him.
(3) The Comptroller and Auditor-General of India or any person appointed by him in
connection with the audit of the accounts of the Lokpal under this Act shall have the same
rights, privileges and authority in connection with such audit, as the Comptroller and Auditor-
General of India generally has, in connection with the audit of the Government accounts
and, in particular, shall have the right to demand the production of books, accounts, connected
vouchers and other documents and papers and to inspect any of the offices of the
Lokpal.
(4) The accounts of the Lokpal, as certified by Comptroller and Auditor-General of
India or any other person appointed by him in this behalf, together with the audit report
thereon, shall be forwarded annually to the Central Government and the Central Government
shall cause the same to be laid before each House of Parliament.
46. (1) The Lokpal shall furnish to the Central Government, at such time and in such
form and manner as may be prescribed or as the Central Government may request, such
returns and statements and such particulars in regard to any matter under the jurisdiction of
the Lokpal, as the Central Government may, from time to time, require.
(2) The Lokpal shall prepare, once every year, in such form and at such time as may be
prescribed, an annual report, giving a summary of its activities during the previous year and
copies of the report shall be forwarded to the Central Government.
(3) A copy of the report received under sub-section (2) shall be laid by the Central
Government, as soon as may be after it is received, before each House of Parliament.
49 of 1988.
Assessment
of loss and
recovery
thereof by
Special
Court.
Budget.
Grants by
Central
Government.
Annual
statement of
accounts.
Furnishing of
returns, etc.,
to Central
Government.
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
18
CHAPTER XIII
DECLARATION OF ASSETS
47. (1) Every public servant shall make a declaration of his assets and liabilities in the
manner as provided by or under this Act.
(2) Every public servant shall, within a period of thirty days from the date on which he
makes and subscribes an oath or affirmation to enter upon his office, furnish to the competent
authority the information relating to—
(a) the assets of which he, his spouse and his dependent children are, jointly or
severally, owners or beneficiaries;
(b) his liabilities and that of his spouse and his dependent children.
(3) Every public servant holding his office as such, at the time of the commencement
of this Act, shall furnish information relating to such assets and liabilities, as referred to in
sub-section (2) to the competent authority within thirty days of the coming into force of
this Act.
(4) Every public servant shall file with the competent authority, on or before the
31st July of every year, an annual return of such assets and liabilities, as referred to in
sub-section (2), as on the 31st March of that year.
(5) The information under sub-section (2) or sub-section (3) and annual return under
sub-section (4) shall be furnished to the competent authority in such form and in such
manner as may be prescribed.
(6) The competent authority in respect of each office or Department shall ensure that
all such statements are published on the website of such office or Department by
31st August of that year.
Explanation.— For the purposes of this section, "dependent children" means sons
and daughters who have no separate means of earning and are wholly dependent on the
public servant for their livelihood.
48. If any public servant wilfully or for reasons which are not justifiable, —
(a) fails to declare his assets; or
(b) gives misleading information in respect of such assets and is found to be in
possession of assets not disclosed or in respect of which misleading information was
furnished,
then such assets shall, unless otherwise proved, be presumed to belong to the public servant
and shall be presumed to be assets acquired by corrupt means:
Provided that the competent authority may condone or exempt the public servant from
furnishing information in respect of assets not exceeding such minimum value as may be
prescribed.
CHAPTER XIV
OFFENCES AND PENALTIES
49. (1) Notwithstanding anything contained in this Act, whoever makes any false and
frivolous or vexatious complaint under this Act shall, on conviction, be punished with
imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than two years but which may extend to five
years and with fine which shall not be less than twenty-five thousand rupees but which may
extend to two lakh rupees.
(2) No Court, except a Special Court, shall take cognizance of an offence under
sub-section (1).
Declaration of
assets.
Presumption
as to
acquisition of
assets by
corrupt
means in
certain cases.
Prosecution
for false
complaint
and payment
of
compensation,
etc., to public
servant.
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
19
(3) No Special Court shall take cognizance of an offence under sub-section (1) except
on a complaint made by a person against whom the false, frivolous or vexatious complaint
was made.
(4) The prosecution in relation to an offence under sub-section (1) shall be conducted
by the public prosecutor and all expenses connected with such prosecution shall be borne
by the Central Government.
(5) In case of conviction of a person [being an individual or society or association of
persons or trust (whether registered or not)], for having made a false complaint under this
Act, such person shall be liable to pay compensation to the public servant against whom he
made the false complaint in addition to the legal expenses for contesting the case by such
public servant, as the Special Court may determine.
50. (1) Where any offence under section 49 has been committed by any society or
association of persons or trust (whether registered or not), every person who, at the time the
offence was committed, was directly in charge of, and was responsible to, the society or
association of persons or trust, for the conduct of the business or affairs or activities of the
society or association of persons or trust as well as such society or association of persons
or trust shall be deemed to be guilty of the offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against
and punished accordingly:
Provided that nothing contained in this sub-section shall render any such person
liable to any punishment provided in this Act, if he proves that the offence was committed
without his knowledge or that he had exercised all due diligence to prevent the commission
of such offence.
(2) Notwithstanding anything contained in sub-section (1), where an offence under
this Act has been committed by a society or association of persons or trust (whether registered
or not) and it is proved that the offence has been committed with the consent or
connivance of, or is attributable to any neglect on the part of, any director, manager, secretary
or other officer of such society or association of persons or trust, such director, manager,
secretary or other officer shall also be deemed to be guilty of that offence and shall be
liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly.
CHAPTER XV
MISCELLANEOUS
51. No suit, prosecution or other legal proceedings under this Act shall lie against any
public servant, in respect of anything which is done in good faith or intended to be done in
the discharge of his official functions or in exercise of his powers.
52. No suit, prosecution or other legal proceedings shall lie against the Lokpal or
against any officer, employee, agency or any person, in respect of anything which is done in
good faith or intended to be done under this Act or the rules or the regulations made
thereunder.
53. The Chairperson, Members, officers and other employees of the Lokpal shall be
deemed, when acting or purporting to act in pursuance of any of the provisions of this Act,
to be public servants within the meaning of section 21 of the Indian Penal Code.
54. The Lokpal shall not inquire or investigate into any complaint, if the complaint is
made after the expiry of a period of seven years from the date on which the offence mentioned
in such complaint is alleged to have been committed.
55. No civil court shall have jurisdiction in respect of any matter which the Lokpal is
empowered by or under this Act to determine.
False
complaint
made by
society or
association
of persons or
trust.
Protection of
action taken
in good faith
by any public
servant.
Protection of
action taken
in good faith
by others.
Members,
officers and
employees of
Lokpal to be
public
servants.
45 of 1860.
Limitation to
apply in
certain cases.
Bar of
jurisdiction.
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
20
56. The Lokpal shall provide to every person against whom a complaint has been
made, before it, under this Act, legal assistance to defend his case before the Lokpal, if such
assistance is requested for.
57. The provisions of this Act shall have effect notwithstanding anything inconsistent
therewith contained in any enactment other than this Act or in any instrument having effect
by virtue of any enactment other than this Act.
58. The provisions of this Act shall be in addition to, and not in derogation of, any
other law for the time being in force.
59. The enactments specified in the Second Schedule shall be amended in the manner
specified therein.
60. (1) The Central Government may, by notification make rules to carry out the
provisions of this Act.
(2) In particular, and without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing power, such
rules may provide for all or any of the following matters, namely:—
(a) the form of complaint referred to in clause (d) of sub-section (1) of section 2;
(b) the term of the Search Committee, the fee and allowances payable to its
members and the manner of selection of panel of names under sub-section (5) of
section 4;
(c) the procedure of inquiry into misbehaviour for removal of the Chairperson or
any Member under sub-section (1) of section 8;
(d) the post or posts in respect of which the appointment shall be made after
consultation with the Union Public Service Commission under the proviso to subsection
(1) of section 11;
(e) other matters for which the Lokpal shall have the powers of a civil court under
clause (vi) of sub-section (1) of section 31;
(f) the manner of sending the order of attachment along with the material to the
Special Court under sub-section (2) of section 33;
(g) the manner of transmitting the letter of request under sub-section (2) of
section 39;
(h) the manner of making reference to the Chief Justice of India under subsection
(3) of section 40;
(i) the form and the time for preparing in each financial year the budget for the
next financial year, showing the estimated receipts and expenditure of the Lokpal
under section 43;
(j) the form for maintaining the accounts and other relevant records and the form
of annual statement of accounts under sub-section (1) of section 45;
(k) the form and manner and the time for preparing the returns and statements
along with particulars under sub-section (1) of section 46;
(l) the form and the time for preparing an annual report giving a summary of its
activities during the previous year under sub-section (2) of section 46;
(m) the form of annual return to be filed by a public servant under sub-section (5)
of section 47;
Legal
assistance.
Act to have
overriding
effect.
Provision of
this Act to be
in addition to
other laws.
Amendment
of certain
enactments.
Power to
make rules.
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
21
(n) the minimum value for which the competent authority may condone or
exempt a public servant from furnishing information in respect of assets under the
proviso to section 48;
(o) any other matter which is to be or may be prescribed.
61. (1) Subject to the provisions of this Act and the rules made thereunder, the Lokpal
may, by notification make regulations to carry out the provisions of this Act.
(2) In particular, and without prejudice to the generality of the foregoing power, such
regulations may provide for all or any of the following matters, namely:—
(a) the conditions of service of the secretary and other officers and staff of the
Lokpal and the matters which in so far as they relate to salaries, allowances, leave or
pensions, require the approval of the President under sub-section (2) of section 11;
(b) the place of sittings of Benches of the Lokpal under clause (f) of
sub-section (1) of section 19;
(c) the manner for displaying on the website of the Lokpal, the status of all
complaints pending or disposed of along with records and evidence with reference
thereto under sub-section (13) of section 23;
(d) the manner and procedure of conducting an inquiry or investigation under
sub-section (15) of section 23;
(e) any other matter which is required to be, or may be, specified under this Act.
62. Every rule and every regulation made under this Act shall be laid, as soon as may
be after it is made, before each House of Parliament, while it is in session, for a total period of
thirty days which may be comprised in one session or in two or more successive sessions,
and if, before the expiry of the session immediately following the session or the successive
sessions aforesaid, both Houses agree in making any modification in the rule or regulation,
or both Houses agree that the rule or regulation should not be made, the rule or regulation
shall thereafter have effect only in such modified form or be of no effect, as the case may be;
so, however, that any such modification or annulment shall be without prejudice to the
validity of anything previously done under that rule or regulation.
63. (1) If any difficulty arises in giving effect to the provisions of this Act, the Central
Government may, by order, published in the Official Gazette, make such provisions not
inconsistent with the provisions of this Act, as may appear to be necessary for removing the
difficulty:
Provided that no such order shall be made under this section after the expiry of a
period of two years from the commencement of this Act.
(2) Every order made under this section shall be laid, as soon as may be after it is made,
before each House of Parliament.
Power of
Lokpal to
make
regulations.
Laying of
rules and
regulations.
Power to
remove
difficulties.
5
10
20
25
30
35
15
22
THE FIRST SCHEDULE
[See section 3(5)]
I, A.B……………………………, having been appointed Chairperson (or a Member) of
the Lokpal, do swear in the name of God/solemnly affirm that I will bear true faith and
allegiance to the Constitution of India as by law established, that I will duly and faithfully
and to the best of my ability, knowledge and judgment perform the duties of my office
without fear or favour, affection or ill-will.
5
23
Amendment
of section 3.
Amendment
of section 14.
Amendment
of section 13.
Amendment
of section 19.
Amendment
of section
197.
THE SECOND SCHEDULE
(See section 59)
AMENDMENT TO CERTAIN ENACTMENTS
PART I
AMENDMENT TO THE COMMISSIONS OF INQUIRY ACT, 1952
(60 OF 1952)
In section 3, in sub-section (1), for the words "The appropriate Government may", the
words and figures "Save as otherwise provided in the Lokpal Act, 2011, the appropriate
Government may" shall be substituted.
PART II
AMENDMENTS TO THE PREVENTION OF CORRUPTION ACT, 1988
(49 OF 1988)
1. In section 13, in sub-section (2), for the words "seven years", the words "ten years"
shall be substituted.
2. In section 14, for the words "seven years", the words "ten years" shall be substituted.
3. In section 19, in sub-section (1), after the words "except with the previous sanction",
the words and figures "save as otherwise provided in the Lokpal Act, 2011" shall be
inserted.
PART III
AMENDMENT TO THE CODE OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE, 1973
(2 OF 1974)
In section 197, after the words "except with the previous sanction", the words and
figures "save as otherwise provided in the Lokpal Act, 2011" shall be inserted.
5
10
15
20
24
STATEMENT OF OBJECTS AND REASONS
The need to have a strong and effective institution of Lokpal has been felt for quite
sometime. The Administrative Reforms Commission, in its interim report on the "Problems of
Redressal of Citizens' Grievances" submitted in 1966, inter alia, recommended the setting up
of an institution of Lokpal at the Centre in this regard. To give effect to this recommendation
of the Administrative Reforms Commission, eight Bills on Lokpal were introduced in the Lok
Sabha in the past, namely in the years 1968, 1971, 1977, 1985, 1989, 1996, 1998 and 2001.
However, these Bills had lapsed consequent upon the dissolution of the respective
Lok Sabha except in the case of 1985 Bill which was withdrawn after its introduction.
2. A need has been felt to constitute a mechanism for dealing with complaints on
corruption against public functionaries in high places. In this regard, the Central Government
constituted a Joint Drafting Committee (JDC) on 8th April, 2011 to draft a Lokpal Bill.
3. Based on the deliberations and having regard to the need for establishing a strong
and effective institution of Lokpal to inquire into allegations of corruption against certain
public functionaries, it has been decided to enact a stand alone legislation, inter alia, to
provide for the following matters, namely:—
(i) to establish an Institution of Lokpal with a Chairperson and eight Members of
which fifty per cent. shall be Judicial Members;
(ii) to set up Lokpal's own Investigation Wing and Prosecution Wing with such
officers and employees as felt by it to be necessary;
(iii) the category of public functionaries against whom allegations of corruption
are to be inquired into, namely:—
(a) a Prime Minister, after he has demitted office;
(b) a Minister of the Union;
(c) a Member of Parliament;
(d) any Group "A" officer or equivalent;
(e) a Chairperson or member or officer equivalent to Group "A" in any
body, Board, corporation, authority, company, society, trust, autonomous body
established by an Act of Parliament or wholly or partly financed or controlled by
the Central Government;
(f) any director, manager, secretary or other officer of a society or association
of persons or trust wholly or partly financed or aided by the Government or in
receipt of any donations from the public and whose annual income exceeds such
amount as the Central Government may by notification specify but the
organisations created for religious purposes and receiving public donations
would be outside the purview of the Lokpal.
(iv) to provide for a mechanism to ensure that no sanction or approval under
section 197 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 or section 19 of the Prevention of
Corruption Act, 1988, will be required in cases where prosecution is proposed by the
Lokpal;
(v) to confer on the Lokpal the power of search and seizures and certain powers
of a Civil Court;
(vi) to empower the Lokpal or any investigation officer authorised by it in this
behalf to attach property which, prima facie, has been acquired by corrupt means;
25
(vii) to lay down a period of limitation of seven years from the date of commission
of alleged offence for filing the complaints before the Lokpal;
(viii) to confer powers of police upon Lokpal which the police officers have in
connection with investigation;
(ix) to charge the expenses of Lokpal on the Consolidated Fund of India;
(x) to utilise services of officers of Central or State Government with the consent
of the State Government for the purpose of conducting inquiry;
(xi) to recommend transfer or suspension of public servants connected with
allegation of corruption;
(xii) to constitute sufficient number of Special Courts as may be recommended
by the Lokpal to hear and decide the cases arising out of the Prevention of Corruption
Act, 1988 under the proposed enactment;
(xiii) to make every public servant to declare his assets and liabilities, and in
case of default or furnishing misleading information, to presume that the public servant
has acquired such assets by corrupt means;
(xiv) to provide for prosecution of persons who make false or frivolous or
vexatious complaints.
4. The notes on clauses explain in detail the various provisions contained in the Bill.
5. The Bill seeks to achieve the above objects.
V. NARAYANASAMY
New Delhi;
The 1st August, 2011.
————
PRESIDENT'S RECOMMENDATION UNDER ARTICLE 117 OF THE
CONSTITUTION OF INDIA
[Copy of letter No. 40407/44/2011-AVD. IV, dated the 1st August, 2011 from
Shri V. Narayanasamy, Minister of State in the Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and
Pensions to the Secretary-General, Lok Sabha]
The President, having been informed of the subject matter of the Lokpal Bill, 2011
recommends the introduction and consideration of the Bill in Lok Sabha under article 117(1)
and (3) of the Constitution.
26
Notes on clauses
Clause 1. — This clause of the Bill seeks to provide for the short title, extent and
commencement of the proposed Lokpal legislation. It provides that it shall come into force
on such date as the Central Government may appoint by notification in the Official Gazette
and the Central Government may appoint different dates for different provisions of the
proposed legislation.
Clause 2.— This clause defines the various expressions used in the Bill which, inter
alia, include the expressions — "Bench", "competent authority", "complaint", "inquiry",
"Judicial Member", "Lokpal", "Member", "Minister", "public servant", "Special Court",
etc. The court of Special Judge appointed under sub-section (1) of section 3 of the Prevention
of Corruption Act, 1988 shall be the Special Court.
Sub-clause (3) of the aforesaid clause provides that any reference in the proposed
legislation to any other Act or provision thereof which is not in force in any area to which
the proposed legislation applies shall be construed to have a reference to the corresponding
Act or provision thereof in force in such area.
Clause 3.— This clause seeks to provide for the establishment of Lokpal consisting
of a Chairperson and eight Members. It also provides that fifty per cent. of the Members
shall be Judicial Members. The Chairperson shall be a person who is or has been the Chief
Justice or a Judge of the Supreme Court. The Judicial Member shall be a person who is or
has been, the Judge of the Supreme Court or the Chief Justice of a High Court. The Members
shall be the persons who are of impeccable integrity, outstanding ability and standing
having special knowledge and experience of not less than twenty-five years in the matters
relating to anti-corruption policy, public administration, vigilance, finance including insurance
and banking, law and management. It further provides that the Chairperson or a Member of
the Lokpal shall not be a Member of Parliament or a Member of a Legislature of any State or
Union territory and shall not hold any office of trust or profit or be connected with any
political party or carry on own business or practice any profession.
It further provides that the person appointed as Chairperson or a Member before he
enters upon his office shall resign from the office of trust or profit held by him or sever his
connection with the conduct and management of any business carried on by him or cease
to practice if he is practicing any profession.
Clause 4.— This clause provides for appointment of Chairperson and other Members
and constitution of a Selection Committee for that purpose. The Chairperson and Members
shall be appointed after obtaining the recommendations of a Selection Committee consisting
of the Prime Minister, the Speaker of the House of the People, the Leader of Opposition in
the House of the People, the Leader of Opposition in the Council of States, one Union
Cabinet Minister, one sitting Judge of the Supreme Court, one sitting Judge of a High Court
nominated by the Chief Justice of India, one eminent jurist and one person of eminence in
public life with wide knowledge and experience in anti-corruption policy, public
administration, vigilance, policy making, finance including insurance and banking, law or
management to be nominated by the Central Government. For the purpose of selecting the
Chairperson and other Members of the Lokpal and for preparing a panel of persons to be
considered for appointment, the Selection Committee may constitute a Search Committee
consisting of such persons of standing having special knowledge and expertise in the
matters relating to anti-corruption policy, public administration, vigilance, policy making,
finance including insurance and banking, law and management or in any other matter which
in the opinion of the Selection Committee may be useful for making the selection of a
Chairperson and Members of the Lokpal.
27
Clause 5. — This clause provides that all necessary steps for appointment of a new
Chairperson or Members shall be taken at least three months before the expiry of the term of
such Chairperson or Member, as the case may be, in accordance with the procedure laid
down in the proposed legislation.
Clause 6. — This clause deals with the terms of office of the Chairperson and Members.
It provides that the Chairperson and every Member shall be appointed by the President by
warrant under his hand and seal and hold office as such for a term not exceeding five years
from the date on which he enters upon his office or until he attains the age of seventy years,
whichever is earlier.
Clause 7. — This clause deals with salary, allowances and other conditions of services
of Chairperson and Members. It provides that the salary, allowances and other conditions
of services of the Chairperson shall be the same as that of a Chief Justice of India. The
salary, allowances and other conditions of services of the Members shall be the same as
that of a Judges of the Supreme Court. Further, after a person is appointed as a Chairperson
or a Member, his conditions of service, allowances and pension payable to him shall not be
varied to his disadvantage.
Clause 8. — This clause provide for the removal and suspension of Chairperson and
Members of the Lokpal. The Chairperson and Members may be removed from his office by
an order of the President on the ground of misbehaviour after the Supreme Court held an
inquiry in accordance with a prescribed procedure on a reference being made to it by the
President suo motu, or on a petition of at least one hundred Members of Parliament or on a
petition of a citizen referred to the Supreme Court by the President.
Sub-clause (2) provides that the Chairperson or a Member in respect of whom a
reference has been made to the Supreme Court may be suspended by the President until
orders on receipt of a report from the Supreme Court on the reference made to it.
Sub-clause (3) provides that the Chairperson or any Member may be removed from office if
he is adjudged as insolvent or if, during his term of office engages in paid employment
outside his duties or if in the opinion of the President, unfit to continue in office by reason
of infirmity of mind or body. Sub-clause (4) provides certain grounds in which the Chairperson
or Member shall be deemed to be guilty of misbehaviour.
Clause 9. — This clause provides for restriction on employment by Chairperson and
Members after ceasing to hold the office. It provides that the Chairperson or Member shall
not be eligible for reappointment in the Lokpal or any diplomatic assignment or appointment
as Administrator of Union territory or further employment to any other office of profit. It
also provides that the Chairperson and Members of Lokpal shall be ineligible to contest any
election of President or Vice-President or Member of either House of Parliament or Member
of either House of a State Legislature or Municipality or Panchayat within a period of five
years from the date of relinquishing the post. However, a Member shall be eligible to be
appointed as a Chairperson if his total tenure as Member and Chairperson does not exceed
five years.
Clause 10. — This clause seeks to provide that in the event of occurrence of any
vacancy in the office of Chairperson, by reason of his death, resignation or otherwise, the
President may authorise the senior-most Member to act as the Chairperson until a new
Chairperson is appointed to fill the vacancy and when a Chairperson is unable to discharge
his functions owing to absence or leave or otherwise, the President may authorise the
senior-most Member to discharge his functions.
Clause 11. — This clause seeks to provide that the secretary or other officers and
staff of the Lokpal shall be appointed by the Chairperson or the Member or officer of Lokpal
as the Chairperson may direct. The President may make rules that the appointment in
respect of any post or posts shall be made after consultation with the Union Public Service
Commission.
28
Clause 12. — This clause provides for setting up of an Investigation Wing of the
Lokpal for the purpose of conducting investigation of any offence alleged to have been
committed by a public servant punishable under the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988. It
further provides that till such time the Investigation Wing is constituted by the Lokpal, the
Central Government will make available the services of its investigation officers and other
staff required by the Lokpal. It also provides for extension of powers and jurisdiction of
officers of the Investigation Wing of the Lokpal to the States with the consent of the
concerned State Government and on such extension the members of the Investigation
Wing of the Lokpal will have jurisdiction and powers under certain provisions of the Delhi
Special Police Establishment Act, 1946 to act as if they were members of the Police Force of
the concerned State.
Clause 13. — This clause stipulates that the Investigating Officers shall be of the
rank of Deputy Superintendent of Police or any other officer of equivalent rank.
Clause 14. — This clause lays down that the Lokpal may require the Investigating
Officer of its Investigation Wing to make a preliminary investigation and submit a report
within a specified time so as to specify itself as to whether or not the matter requires to be
inquired into further by the Lokpal.
Clause 15. — This clause seeks to provide that the Lokpal may constitute a Prosecution
Wing under a Director of Prosecution with such other officers and employees as required to
assist him for the purpose of prosecution of public servants in relation to offences punishable
under the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988, such prosecution shall be on complaints to
be made by the Lokpal before the Special Court.
Clause 16. — This clause lays down that the expenses of the Lokpal including salaries,
allowances and pensions payable to or in respect of Chairperson, Members, Secretary or
other officers or staff of the Lokpal shall be charged on the Consolidated Fund of India. It
also provides that any fees or other moneys taken by the Lokpal shall form part of the
Consolidated Fund of India.
Clause 17. — This clause deals with the jurisdiction of Lokpal. Sub-clause (1) seeks
to provide that the Lokpal shall inquire into any matter involved in or arising from or
connected with any allegation of corruption made in a complaint in respect of Prime Minister,
after he has demitted the office of the Prime Minister, a Minister, a Member of either House
of Parliament, any Group "A" officer or equivalent or above from against the public servants
as defined in sub-clauses (i) and (ii) of clause (c) of section 2 of the Prevention of Corruption
Act, 1988 who was serving or has served in connection with the affairs of the Union, and
Chairperson or Member or officers of certain boards, corporations, authority, company,
society, trust, etc. established by an Act of Parliament or wholly or partly financed or
controlled by the Central Government; director, manager, secretary or other officers of
certain societies, association of persons etc. and director, manager, secretary or other officer
of every other society, etc. wholly or partly financed or aided by the Government and the
annual income of which exceeds such amount as may be notified by the Central Government
which are for non-religious purpose and are in receipt of public donations. However, the
various offices held by the Prime Minister shall not come within the purview of this provision.
Sub-clause (2) provides that the Lokpal shall not inquire into any matter against any
member of either House of Parliament in respect of anything said or vote given by him in
Parliament or any Committee thereof covered under the provisions of clause (2) of article
105 of the Constitution.
Sub-clause (3) provides that the Lokpal may inquire into any act or conduct of any
person if such person is associated with the allegation of corruption under the Prevention
of Corruption Act, 1988.
Sub-clause (4) seeks to provide that in the matters in respect of which a complaint has
been made under the proposed legislation shall not be referred for inquiry under the
29
Commissions of Inquiry Act, 1952. The Explanation to clause 17 clarifies that a complaint
under the proposed legislation shall relate only to a period during which the public servant
was holding or serving as a public servant.
Clause 18. — This clause lays down that matters pending before any Court or
Committee or Authority prior to commencement of the proposed legislation shall be continued
before such Court, Committee or Authority, as the case may be. However, such continuance
of proceedings will not affect the powers of the Lokpal to inquire into such matter under the
proposed legislation.
Clause 19. — This clause seeks to provide that the jurisdiction of the Lokpal may be
exercised by Benches thereof. A Bench of the Lokpal may be constituted by the Chairperson
with two or more Members. Every Bench shall ordinarily consist of at least one Judicial
Member in it. The Benches of Lokpal shall ordinarily be at New Delhi and at such places as
the Lokpal may, by regulations, specify.
Clause 20. — This clause seeks to empower the Chairperson to distribute the business
of Lokpal amongst its Benches and also specify the matters which may be dealt with by
each Bench.
Clause 21. — This clause seeks to provide that the Chairperson may transfer any
case pending before one Bench for disposal to any other Bench on receipt of an application
for such transfer from the complainant or the public servant.
Clause 22. — This clause seeks to provide that the decision of the Lokpal shall be
according to the opinion of the majority of the Members of Lokpal. However, if the Members
of a Bench consisting of two Members differ in opinion on any point or points shall be
referred to the Chairperson. The Chairperson may either hear such point or points himself or
refer the same for hearing by one or more other Member and it shall be decided accordingly
to the opinion of the majority of the Members who have heard the case including those who
first heard it.
Clause 23. — This clause makes provision relating to complaint and inquiry and
investigation by Lokpal. It provides that on receipt of a complaint, the Lokpal may either
make preliminary inquiry or direct its Investigation Wing to make a preliminary inquiry to
ascertain whether there exist a prima facie case for proceeding in the matter. A preliminary
inquiry or preliminary investigation should ordinarily be completed within thirty days.
However, this period could be extended for a further period of three months from the date of
receipt of the complaint after recording the reasons for extension. It also provides that in
cases where the Lokpal is of the opinion that it is not in the interest of justice to either hold
preliminary inquiry or preliminary investigation it may for reasons to be recorded in writing
refer the matter for investigation. Sub-clause (4) provides that the Lokpal before coming to
a conclusion in the course of a preliminary inquiry that a prima facie case is made out
against a public servant, the Lokpal shall give an opportunity to the public servant of being
heard. It further provides that where the Lokpal is of the opinion that prima facie case is
made out against the public servant, the public servant against whom such investigation is
being conducted shall be given an opportunity to be heard before filing the charge sheet.
Clause 24. — This clause seeks to provide that the persons against whom any inquiry
or investigation is proposed to be conducted shall be allowed to inspect any record in
connection with the commission of any alleged office which are necessary for him to defend
his case and take extracts therefrom.
Clause 25. — This clause provides that persons likely to be prejudicially affected are
to be provided a reasonable opportunity of being heard in the inquiry and to produce
evidence in his defence consistent with the principles of natural justice. However, this will
not apply where the credibility of a witness is being questioned.
30
Clause 26. — This clause seeks to provide that Lokpal may require any public servant
or any other person to furnish information or produce documents relevant to inquiry or
investigation.
Clause 27. — This clause makes provision that no previous sanction or approval
shall be required by the Lokpal or its Investigation Wing under section 197 of the Code of
Criminal Procedure, 1973 or section 19 of the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988.
Clause 28. — This clause makes provision for the action to be taken by the Lokpal on
conclusion of inquiry or investigation in relation to public servants who are not Ministers
or Members of Parliament. It further provides that on conclusion of inquiry or investigation,
where it is found that there is commission of offence under the Prevention of Corruption
Act, 1988 by a public servant, the Lokpal may file a case in the Special Court and send a
copy of the report and its findings to the competent authority, recommend to the competent
authority initiation of disciplinary proceedings and also provide a copy of the report to the
public servant or his representative.
Clause 29. — This clause makes provision for action to be taken by the Lokpal on
conclusion of inquiry or investigation against public servants being Ministers or Members
of Parliament. It provides that where the commission of offence under Prevention of
Corruption Act, 1988 by such public servants has taken place, the Lokpal may file a case in
the Special Court and send a copy of the report along with its findings to the competent
authority as defined in the proposed legislation. It also provides that the competent authority
shall examine the report and communicate to the Lokpal within a period of ninety days from
the date of receipt of the report, the action taken or proposed to be taken on the basis of the
report. However, in computing the period of ninety days, the period during which the
Parliament will not be in session shall be excluded.
Clause 30. — This clause seeks to confer power of search and seizure of documents
on the Lokpal.
Clause 31. — This clause provides that the Lokpal shall have all the powers of a Civil
Court in certain matters and the proceedings before the Lokpal shall be deemed to be
judicial proceedings within the meaning of Section 193 of the Indian Penal Code.
Clause 32. — This clause seeks to make provision that the Lokpal may utilize the
services of any officer or investigating agency of the Central Government or the State
Government, as the case may be. It also enables the Lokpal to confer certain powers on
such officers.
Clause 33. — This clause makes provision for provisional attachment of assets by
the Lokpal or any investigation officer authorised by it if such assets are any proceeds of
corruption.
Clause 34. — This clause makes provision for confirmation of provisional attachment
of assets made by the Lokpal under clause 33 by the Special Court.
Clause 35. — This clause seeks to provide that the Lokpal may recommend transfer or
suspension of any public servant connected with allegation of corruption. This clause also
provides that ordinarily the recommendation of the Lokpal shall be accepted by the
Government.
Clause 36. — This clause seeks to provide that the Lokpal may give directions to
prevent destruction of records during inquiry.
Clause 37. — This clause provides that the Lokpal may, by general or special order in
writing, and subject to such conditions and limitations as may be specified therein, direct
that any administrative or financial power conferred on it may also be exercised or discharged
by such of its Members or officers or employees as may be specified in the order.
31
Clause 38. — This clause provides for constitution of Special Courts by the Central
Government as recommended by the Lokpal to hear and decide the cases arising out of the
Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988 or under the proposed legislation. It also provides that
the Special Courts shall ensure completion of each trial within a period of one year from the
date of filing the case in the court. However, in case the trial cannot be completed within a
period of one year, the Special Court shall record reasons therefor and complete the trial
within a further period of not more than three months or such further periods not exceeding
three months each, for reasons to be recorded in writing, before the end of each such three
months period, but not exceeding a total period of two years.
Clause 39.— This clause makes provision for issue of letter of request to a court or an
authority in the contracting State in certain cases.
Clause 40.—This clause makes provisions for handling of complaints against the
Chairperson and Members of the Lokpal.
Clause 41. — This clause provides for the provisions for dealing the complaints
against officials of Lokpal.
Clause 42. — This clause provides that when a public servant has committed an
offence under the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988, the Special Court may make an
assessment of loss, if any, caused to the public exchequer on account of actions or decisions
of such public servant not taken in good faith and for which he stands convicted, and may
order recovery of such losses.
Clause 43. — This clause seeks to provide that the Lokpal shall prepare its budget
showing the estimated receipts and expenditure of the Lokpal and forward the same to the
Central Government for intervention.
Clause 44. — This clause provides that without prejudice to the provisions of clause
16, the Central Government may make grants of such sums of money to the Lokpal as are
required to be paid for salaries and allowances payable to the Chairperson and Members
and the administrative expenses, including the salaries and allowances and pension payable
to or in respect of officers and other employees of the Lokpal.
Clause 45. — This clause provides for maintaining the accounts and other relevant
records and annual statement of accounts by the Lokpal. It further provides that accounts
of the Lokpal shall be audited by the Comptroller and Auditor General of India. It also
provides that the accounts of Lokpal together with the Audit Report thereon shall be
forwarded annually to the Central Government and the Central Government shall lay the
same before each House of Parliament.
Clause 46. — This clause provides that the Lokpal shall furnish to the Central
Government such returns or statements and such particulars with regard to any matter
under the jurisdiction of Lokpal as the Central Government may prescribe from time to time.
Clause 47. — This clause provides that the public servants shall make a declaration
of their assets and liabilities in the manner as provided in this Act.
Clause 48. — This clause provides that any wilful failure on the part of a public
servant to declare his assets shall amount to presumption that the assets have been acquired
by corrupt means.
Clause 49. — This clause provides that if any person makes false or frivolous or
vexatious complaint under this Act, he shall be liable for prosecution and on conviction he
may be punished with imprisonment for a minimum term of two years and a maximum term of
five years and with fine minimum of which shall be twenty-five thousand rupees and maximum
of two lakh rupees.
32
Clause 50. — This clause provides that if false complaint is made by the Society or
association of persons or trust, in that case every person who, at the time of commission of
offence, was directly in-charge of the affairs or activities of such society etc. shall be
deemed to be guilty of the offence under clause 48 and liable for punishment.
Clause 51. — This clause provides for protection of public servant from legal
proceedings, etc., for the action taken in good faith.
Clause 52. — This clause provides for the protection of action taken in good faith by
Lokpal, any officer, employee, agency or any person in respect of anything done or intended
to be done under the proposed legislation or the rules or regulations made thereunder.
Clause 53. — This clause provides that the Chairperson, Members, Officers and
other employees of the Lokpal shall be public servants within the meaning of section 21 of
the Indian Penal Code.
Clause 54. — This clause lays down the period of limitation for filing of complaints
before the Lokpal as seven years from the date of commission of the alleged offence.
Clause 55. — This clause provides that no civil court shall have jurisdiction in the
matters for which Lokpal is empowered under the proposed legislation.
Clause 56. — This clause provides that legal assistance for defending a case before
the Lokpal shall be provided to every person against whom complaint has been made
before it, if such assistance is requested for.
Clause 57. — This clause seeks to provide that the provisions of the proposed
legislation shall have overriding effect.
Clause 58. — This clause provides that the provisions of the proposed legislation
shall be in addition to any other law for the time being in force.
Clause 59. — This clause seeks to amend certain enactments as specified in Second
Schedule to the proposed legislation.
Clause 60. — This clause seeks to empower the Central Government to make rules for
carrying out the provisions of the proposed legislation. Sub-clause (2) of the said clause
enumerates the various matters in respect of which such rules may be made.
Clause 61. — This clause seeks to confer power on the Lokpal to make regulations for
carrying out the provisions of the proposed legislation consistent with the provisions of
the proposed legislation and the rules made by the Central Government under clause 60.
Sub-clause (2) enumerates the various matters in respect of which such regulations may be
made.
Clause 62. — This clause provides that every rule and every regulation made under
the proposed legislation shall be laid before each House of Parliament.
Clause 63. — This clause relates to the power of the Central Government to remove
difficulties. In case any difficulty arises in giving effect to the provisions of the proposed
legislation, the Central Government may make such provisions as may be necessary in
removing the difficulties by order published in the Official Gazette. However, no such order
shall be made under this clause after the expiry of a period of two years from the
commencement of the proposed legislation and every such order shall also be required to
be laid before each House of Parliament.
The First Schedule to the proposed legislation lays down the form of oath or
affirmation which may be taken by any person before entering upon the office of Chairperson
or Member of the Lokpal.
The Second Schedule contains the details of amendments in certain enactments
which are consequential to the enactment of the proposed legislation.
33
FINANCIAL MEMORANDUM
Sub-clause (1) of clause 3 of the Bill provides for the establishment of an institution to
be called the Lokpal for the purpose of making inquiries in respect of complaints as may be
made under the proposed legislation.
2. Sub-clause (2) of clause 3 provides for the appointment of the Lokpal consisting of
a Chairperson and eight Members. Clause 7 of the Bill envisages that the salary, allowances
and other conditions of service of, the Chairperson of the Lokpal shall be the same as those
of the Chief Justice of India and the Members as those of the Judges of the Supreme Court.
This clause also provides that the salary payable to the Chairperson and Members shall be
reduced by any pension and pension equivalent to other pensionary benefits to which the
Member may be entitled to in respect of any previous service under the Government of India
or under the Government of a State.
3. Clause 11of the Bill provides for the appointment of a Secretary and such other
officers and employees for the Lokpal. Sub-clause (2) of the said clause provides that the
conditions of service of Secretary and other officers and staff of the Lokpal shall be such as
may be specified by regulations made by the Lokpal for the purpose.
4. Sub-clause (1) of clause 12 provides that the Lokpal shall constitute an Investigation
Wing for the purpose of conducting investigation of any offence alleged to have been
committed by a public servant punishable under the Prevention of Corruption Act, 1988.
Sub-clause (1) of clause 15 of the Bill provides that the Lokpal shall constitute a Prosecution
Wing under a Director of Prosecution and such other officers and staff for the purpose of
prosecution of public servants in relation to any complaint by the Lokpal. Sub-clause (1) of
clause 32 empowers the Lokpal to utilise the services of any officer or investigating agency
of the Central Government or any State Government for the purpose of conducting any
inquiry.
5. Clause 16 of the Bill provides that the expenses of the Lokpal including the salaries,
allowances and pensions payable to or in respect of the Chairperson, Members or Secretary
or other officers or staff of the Lokpal shall be charged on the Consolidated Fund of India
and any fees and other moneys taken by the Lokpal shall form part of that fund.
6. At this stage, it is not possible to give precise details of the expenditure to be
incurred on the Lokpal. It is, however, expected that the Bill, if enacted and brought into
operation, would involve a non-recurring expenditure of fifty crores of rupees and a recurring
expenditure of hundred crores of rupees in a financial year. In case it becomes necessary to
construct a building to house the establishment of the Lokpal, additional expenditure of a
non-recurring nature of the order four hundred crores of rupees may also be involved.
7. The Bill, if enacted, is not likely to involve any other recurring or non-recurring
expenditure.
34
MEMORANDUM REGARDING DELEGATED LEGISLATION
Clause 60 of the Bill empowers the Central Government to make rules for the purpose
of carrying out the provisions of the proposed legislation. Sub-clause (1) of the said clause
specifies the various matters in respect of which the rules may be made. These matters,
inter alia, relate to the form of complaint referred to in clause (d) of sub-section (1) of
section 2; the term of Search Committee, fee and allowances payable to the members of
Search Committee and the manner of selection of panel of names; procedure of inquiry into
misbehaviour for removal of the Chairperson or any Member; the posts in respect of which
appointments shall be made after consultation with the Union Public Service Commission;
matters for which the Lokpal shall have the powers of a Civil Court; the manner of sending
an order of attachment to a Special Court; the manner of transmitting the letter of request
under sub-section (2) of section 39; the manner of making reference to the Chief Justice of
India; the form and the time for preparing the budget; the form for maintaining accounts and
other relevant records and the form of annual statement of accounts; the form and manner
and time for preparing the returns and statements under sub-section (1) of section 46; the
form and the time for preparing the annual report; the form of annual return to be filed by a
public servant under sub-section (5) of section 47; the minimum value for which the
competent authority may condone or exempt a public servant from furnishing information
in respect of assets under the proviso to section 48.
2. Clause 61 of the Bill empowers the Lokpal to make, by notification, regulations for
carrying out the provisions of the proposed legislation. Such regulations should be
consistent with the provisions of the proposed legislation and the rules made thereunder.
The matters in respect of which the Lokpal may make regulations, inter alia, include the
conditions of service of the secretary and other officers and staff of the Lokpal and the
matters which in so far as relate to salaries, allowances, leave or pensions, the place of
sittings of Benches of the Lokpal, the manner for displaying the status of all complaints
pending or disposed of on the website of the Lokpal, and the manner and procedure of
conducting an inquiry or investigation.
3. The rules and regulations made under the proposed legislation shall be required to
be laid before each House of Parliament.
4. The matters in respect of which rules or regulations may be made under the proposed
legislation are matters of procedure or administrative details and it is not practicable to
provide for them in the Bill itself. The delegation of legislative power is, therefore, of a
normal character.
35
ANNEXURE
EXTRACT FROM THE COMMISSIONS OF INQUIRY ACT, 1952
(60 OF 1952)
* * * * *
3. (1) The appropriate Government may, if it is of opinion that it is necessary so to do,
and shall, if a resolution in this behalf is passed by each House of Parliament or, as the case
may be, the Legislature of the State, by notification in the Official Gazette, inquiry into any
definite matter of public importance and performing such functions and within such time as
may be specified in the notification, and the Commission so appointed shall make the
inquiry and perform the functions accordingly:
Provided that where any such Commission has been appointed to inquire into any
matter—
(a) by the Central Government, no State Government shall, except with the
approval of the Central Government, appoint another Commission to inquire into the
same matter for so long as the Commission appointed by the Central Government is
functioning;
(b) by a State Government, the Central Government shall not appoint another
Commission to inquire into the same matter for so long as the Commission appointed
by the State Government is functioning, unless the Central Government is of opinion
that the scope of the inquiry should be extended to two or more States.
* * * * *
________
EXTRACT FROM THE PREVENTION OF CORRUPTION ACT, 1988
(49 OF 1988)
* * * * *
13. (1)* * * * *
(2) Any public servant who commits criminal misconduct shall be punishable with
imprisonment for a term which shall be not less than one year but which may extend to
seven years and shall also be liable to fine.
* * * * *
14. Whoever habitually commits—
(a) an offence punishable under section 8 or section 9; or
(b) an offence punishable under section 12,
shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which shall be not less than two years but
which may extend to seven years and shall also be liable to fine.
* * * * *
CHAPTER V
SANCTION FOR PROSECUTION AND OTHER MISCELLANEOUS PROVISIONS
19. (1) No court shall take cognizance of an offence punishable under sections 7, 10,
11, 13 and 15 alleged to have been committed by a public servant, except with the previous
sanctions,—
Appointment
of
Commission.
Criminal
misconduct
by a public
servant.
Habitual
committing
of offence
under
sections 8, 9
and 12.
Previous
sanction
necessary for
prosecution.
36
(a) in the case of a person who is employed in connection with the affairs of the
Union and is not removable from his office save by or with the sanction of the Central
Government, of that Government;
(b) in the case of a person who is employed in connection with the affairs of a
Sate and is not removable from his office save by or with the sanction of the State
Government, of that Government;
(c) in the case of any other person, of the authority competent to remove him
from his office.
* * * * *
_______
EXTRACT FROM THE CODE OF CRIMINAL PROCEDURE, 1973
(2 OF 1974)
* * * * *
197. (1) When any person who is or was a Judge or Magistrate or a public servant
not removable from his office save by or with the sanction of the Government is accused of
any offence alleged to have been committed by him while acting or purporting to act in the
discharge of his official duty, no Court shall take cognizance of such offence except with
the previous sanction—
(a) in the case of a person who is employed or, as the case may be, was at the
time of commission of the alleged offence employed, in connection with the affairs of
the Union, of the Central Government;
(b) in the case of a person who is employed or, as the case may be, was at the
time of commission of the alleged offence employed, in connection with the affairs of
a State, of the State Government :
Provided that where the alleged offence was committed by a person referred to in
clause (b) during the period while a Proclamation issued under clause (1) of article 356 of the
Constitution was in force in a State, clause (b) will apply as if for the expression "State
Government" occurring therein, the expression "Central Government" were substituted.
* * * * *
Prosecution
of Judges and
public
servants.
LOK SABHA
—————
A
BILL
to provide for the establishment of the institution of Lokpal to inquire into allegations of
corruption against certain public functionaries and for matters connected therewith or
incidental thereto.
—————
(Shri V. Narayanasamy, Minister of State in the Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances
and Pensions)
GMGIPMRND—712LS(S3)—1-08-2011
 
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EQUANIMITY MIND WITH A CLEAR UNDERSTANDING THAT
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